Prevention of Childhood Injuries-Phase 1 Injury Surveill

作为“美国国立卫生研究院/哥伦比亚特区降低婴儿死亡率倡议”的一部分，已经制定了一项研究方案，以解决伤害和忽视对哥伦比亚特区婴幼儿的威胁。建立了一个全面的全市伤害监测系统，收集了导致急诊室就诊、住院或死亡的3岁儿童受伤的数据。家庭服务部还提供了有关已证实的虐待和忽视案件的资料。数据收集已完成。所有十家研究性医院都有关于应计比率的初步数据。在1995年10月1日至1996年9月30日的一年期间，确定了3039次与伤害有关的探访，每年以事件为基础的比率为13.5/100人/年。有9人死亡，163人住院，2867人去急诊科就诊。1-2岁儿童的伤害率最高，婴儿的伤害率最低。损伤的主要原因因严重程度不同而不同。故意伤害和故意未确定但怀疑是故意的伤害，占死亡(n=4，44%)和住院(n=36，22%)的最大比例。相比之下，故意伤害和故意伤害仅占急诊就诊的2%(n=56)。42%的伤害相关急诊是因跌倒(n=1245)。在其中三个研究地点，在受伤事件发生后不久，向父母或照顾者发放了一份问卷。在1913个有资格面谈的家庭中，1,445个(77%)得到了联系，1,352个家庭(93%的接触者)完成了面谈。一篇报道父母对采访敏感的手稿发表在《伤害预防》杂志上。这项研究提供了对婴幼儿非致命性伤害的第一次深入观察。目前的工作重点是分析伤害事件周围的情况，以便为潜在的预防战略提供见解。

As one component of the "NIH/DC Initiative to Reduce Infant Mortality" a program of research addressing the threat of injuries and neglect to infants and toddlers in the District of Columbia has been developed. A comprehensive, city-wide injury surveillance system was established which collected data about injuries in children <3 years of age that resulted in an emergency room visit, hospitalization or death. Information about substantiated cases of abuse and neglect was also obtained from the Department of Family Services. Data collection is complete. Preliminary figures on accrual rates are available for all ten study hospitals. For the one year period from October 1, 1995 through September 30, 1996, 3039 injury-related visits were identified yielding an annual event-based rate of 13.5/100 persons/year. There were nine deaths, 163 hospitalizations, and 2,867 emergency department visits. Injury rates were highest in one-two year olds and lowest in infants. Leading causes of injury varied with severity. Intentional injuries and injuries where intent was undertermined but suspicious of being intentional, comprised the largest fraction of deaths (n=4, 44%) and hospitalizations (n=36, 22%). In contrast intentional injuries and injuries of undertermined intent accounted for only 2% of ED visits (n=56). Forty-two percent of injury-related ED visits were for falls (n=1245). At three of the study sites a questionnaire was administered to the parent or care giver shortly after the injury event. Of the 1913 families who were eligible for an interview, 1,445 (77%) were contacted and interviews were completed for 1,352 (93% of contacts). A manuscript reporting parental sensitivities to the interview was published in Injury Prevention. This study provides one of the first in-depth looks at non-fatal injuries in infants and toddlers. Current efforts are focused on analyses of the circumstances surrounding injury events to provide insight to potential strategies for prevention.