Coordination of distributed energy storage and demand side response to offer flexibility in modern energy networks

能源储存的成本正在下降，设备的部署预计将在未来几年内迅速增加，其中很大一部分预计将连接到配电网。虽然储能的很多重点是提供电力以快速响应服务以保持网络频率，但随着可变可再生能源的渗透增加，更大规模的能量平衡将变得更加重要。这种储能和需求侧响应技术选项，包括电能和热能，原则上将提高系统的灵活性并降低成本。然而，从具有一系列性能特征的大规模分布式技术基础上提供此类系统服务的实用性尚未得到很好的研究。本博士将探索分布式储能和需求侧响应的组合。我们建议评估将分布式储能技术和需求侧响应相结合是否会导致更高效的能源系统，以及如何捕获价值以最大化系统效益。这将需要研究工作：评估不同能源系统情景下不同技术组合的价值；开发允许技术结合的控制系统；分析跨时间和地理尺度的网络和技术数据，以运行虚拟分布式储能；考虑这种方法的监管影响，以及允许其商业化的商业模式/政策。

The costs of energy storage are falling and the deployment of devices is expected to increase rapidly over the next years, with a significant proportion expected to be connected to distribution networks. Whilst a lot of the focus of energy storage is on providing power for fast response to services to maintain network frequency, as the penetration of variable renewables increases, larger scale energy balancing will become more important. Such energy storage and demand side response technology options, including for electrical and thermal energy will in principle give greater system flexibility and reduced costs.However, the practicalities of providing such system services from a massively-distributed technology base, with a range of performance characteristics, have not been well studied. This PhD will explore distributed energy storage and demand side response combinations. We propose to assess whether combining distributed energy storage technologies and demand side response would lead to a more efficient energy system, and how the value could be captured to maximise the system benefit. This will require research effort to: assess the value of different combinations of technology under different energy system scenarios; develop control systems allowing technologies to be combined; analyse network and technology data across temporal and geographical scales to operate virtual distributed energy storage; consider the regulatory implications of such an approach, and the business models/policies that would allow its commercialisation.