TWIN-FAMILY STUDY OF DRUG USE, ABUSE, AND DEPENDENCE

描述：（申请人摘要） 遗传因素和环境因素在其发病中起重要作用 精神活性物质使用障碍（PSUD） 然而，我们对 这些风险因素的相对重要性以及它们在 美国人口仍然有限。 我们提出了一个全面的，3阶段的双胞胎和双胞胎家庭的研究， 基于出生证明的弗吉尼亚州双胞胎登记处（VTR），重点是5 滥用物质：尼古丁、咖啡因、大麻、可卡因和兴奋剂： 第1阶段将包括分析在NIDA支持下收集的关于PSUD的数据 在3 300名接受个人采访的男女两性中， 从VTR的男性-女性成年双胞胎对，目的是量化 遗传、个体特异性环境和 药物使用、滥用和滥用病因学中的家庭环境因素 依赖性，并澄清这些风险因素的相似程度 对不同的物质和对男人和女人来说。 在第二阶段，我们将完成新的访谈，重点是PSUD及其风险 因素，与所有合作成员的男性男性双胞胎对从这个 样本（n= 2，760）和他们的父母（n= 2，000），测量两个双胞胎PSUD 使用生活史日历，评估关键风险因素 从多个线人的域名和获取学校和犯罪记录 所有的线人 在第3阶段，我们将使用完整的数据来检查一系列问题 双胞胎和有父母的双胞胎。 将进行的分析包括：i） 重新评估遗传和环境风险因素在实质上的作用 使用、PSUD和PSUD的个别形式，使用来自多个场合的数据 和线人，ii）探索一系列的单变量和多变量 双胞胎家庭模型，以澄清跨代机制 传播的脆弱性PSUD，iii）使用多变量孪生 建立模型以阐明协变的遗传和环境来源 物质使用和PSUD与精神疾病，酗酒和 一系列假定的危险因素，包括气质、儿童行为 调节障碍和青少年同伴群体偏差，iv）确定性质 遗传和环境风险因素之间的相互作用， 药物使用和PSUD以及v）制定严格的统计， PSUD的全面病因模型。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the etiology of psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD). However, our knowledge of the relative importance of these risk factors and how they interrelate in the US population remains limited. We propose a comprehensive, 3-phase twin and twin-family study in the birth-certificate based Virginia Twin Registry (VTR) focusing on 5 substances of abuse: nicotine, caffeine, cannabis, cocaine and stimulants: Phase 1 will consist of analyses of data collected with NIDA support on PSUD in 3,300 personally interviewed unselected female-female, male-male and male-female adult twin pairs from the VTR, with the aim of quantifying the role of genetic, individual-specific environmental and familial-environmental factors in the etiology of substance use, abuse and dependence and clarifying the degree to which these risk factors are similar for different substances and for men and women. In phase 2, we will complete new interviews, focusing on PSUD and its risk factors, with all cooperative members of the male-male twin pairs from this sample (n=2,760) and their parents (n=2,000), measuring twin PSUD on two occasions, utilizing a life history calendar, assessing key risk factor domains from multiple informants and obtaining school and criminal records on all informants. In phase 3, we will examine a series of questions using the complete data set of twins and twins with parents. Analyses to be performed include: i) re-assessing the role of genetic and environmental risk factors in substance use, PSUD, and individual forms of PSUD, using data from multiple occasions and informants, ii) exploring a range of univariate and multi variate twin-family models to clarify the mechanism of the cross-generational transmission of the vulnerability to PSUD, iii) using multi variate twin modeling to clarify the genetic and environmental sources of covariation between substance use and PSUD and psychiatric illness, alcoholism and a range of putative risk factors including temperament, childhood behavioral dysregulation and adolescent peer group deviancy, iv) determining the nature of the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors for substance use and PSUD and v) developing statistically rigorous, comprehensive etiologic models for PSUD.