IDU Access to HIV/HCV Prevention

描述：(申请人提供) 最近在罗德岛(RI)开展了一项健康促进活动，以预防艾滋病毒和 丙型肝炎促使了对注射器的放松管制，允许它们在 没有处方的药店。包括在这项法律中的是药房可以 出售注射器：如果是这样的话，药剂师需要提供注射器处置 信息，并可能提供药物治疗转介信息。这项建议 是调查种族/民族和性别在获得 与这项法律变化相关的以药房为基础的预防服务。我们建议 通过地理障碍评估种族/民族和性别差异 (具体目标1)，与吸毒者有关的障碍(这些障碍的消费者 服务)(具体目标2)，以及与药剂师(提供者)有关的障碍 这些服务)(具体目标3)。我们将我们的评估限制在两个最大的 国际扶轮中的非白人群体、非洲裔美国人/黑人以及拉丁美洲/西班牙裔美国人 与白人相比。地理编码方法将用于特定目标1.人口普查 2000个数据将用于识别不同种族的区块组。社会经济学 在种族分析中，条件将被量化以根据阶级进行调整。两者都有 药房和吸毒者的位置将被叠加以确定地理位置 进入障碍。对于吸毒者的研究，定性和定量方法 将确定访问药房的感知和实际障碍 预防服务。定性研究将使用有针对性的街道 招募注射吸毒者，而定量研究将包括 现有吸毒者群体的参与者。对于与药学相关的研究，所有 该州的药店将被包括在内。我们提出一种购买者体验 不同种族/民族的非毒品购买者尝试 购买注射器，以及药剂师电话调查，评估 对法律的态度改变，他们对吸毒者的看法 一般的种族/民族群体。分析将评估访问权限(或障碍 准入)及其与种族的关系，跨越种族和在种族之间 社会经济多元化的社区。这些分析将提供重要的 关于政策变化的执行情况和有针对性的需求的数据 应对种族差异的解决办法。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) A recent health promotion campaign in Rhode Island (RI) to prevent HIV and Hepatitis C prompted the deregulation of syringes, allowing their sale in pharmacies without a prescription. Included in this law is that pharmacies may sell syringes: if so, pharmacists are required to provide syringe disposal information and may provide drug treatment referral information. This proposal is to investigate racial/ethnic and gender disparities in access to pharmacy-based prevention services associated with this law change. We propose to evaluate racial/ethnic and gender disparities by geographic barriers (Specific Aim 1), barriers related to drug users (the consumer of these services) (Specific Aim 2), and barriers related to pharmacists (the providers of these services) (Specific Aim 3). We limit our evaluation to the two largest non-white groups in RI, African Americans/Blacks, and Latino/ Hispanics in comparison to whites. Geocoding methods will be used for Specific Aim 1. Census 2000 data will be used to identify racially diverse block groups. Socioeconomic conditions will be quantified to adjust for class in analyses of race. Both pharmacy and drug user locations will be overlaid to determine geographic barriers to access. For drug user studies, qualitative and quantitative methods will determine both perceived and real barriers to accessing pharmacy prevention services. The qualitative study will use a targeted street recruitment of injection drug users, while the quantitative study will include participants in existing drug user cohorts. For pharmacy-related studies, all pharmacies in the state will be included. We propose a purchaser experience trial where non-drug using purchasers of different racial/ethnic groups attempt to purchase a syringe, as well as a pharmacist telephone survey, evaluating attitudes regarding the law change, their perception regarding drug users and racial/ethnic groups in general. Analyses will evaluate access (or barriers to access) and its relation to race, across and between racially and socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods. These analyses will provide important data regarding the implementation of a policy change and the need for targeted solutions in response to racial disparities.