THE GENETICS OF OBESITY IN BLACKS

描述：(改编自《调查人员摘要》)非裔美国人 与白人相比，肥胖率更高，特别是在 女人。遗传学的最新进展使我们有可能识别出 肥胖的分子决定因素。根据正在进行的国际 协作性家庭研究，调查人员建议招募一个社区 芝加哥和尼日利亚的黑人家庭样本。在芝加哥，他们将招募 400个家庭，有4个或4个以上的一级学位成员(1,600人)。在……里面 尼日利亚，他们还将确定400个有4个或更多家庭的样本 成员(1,600人)。在临床检查中，他们将测量身高、体重、脂肪 体重、体脂百分比、脱脂质量、静息代谢率和腰围 臀围。将抽取血液进行葡萄糖、胰岛素和 瘦素和基因组DNA将被提取。使用候选基因方法 他们将检查已知的肥胖遗传标记的潜在名单。AS 在这篇文章中，候选人的优先列表包括：量化 7号染色体上的QTL(ob基因座)，2号染色体上的QTL， 阿片黑素原、β3肾上腺素能受体、甲状腺激素受体基因 (受体α和受体β)；解偶联蛋白-2和-3，黑素皮质素-4受体。 高优先级基因座可能会发生变化，以适应新的发现。 对抽样家庭的统计分析将首先使用 路径和偏析分析。将对所有家庭进行基因分型 并对会员协会和联动关系进行了分析。形成鲜明对比的 这些家庭来自具有相似遗传背景的生活在 在不同的社会环境中，将使评估亲属成为可能 环境条件对肥胖特征熟悉度的影响。在……里面 此外，与肥胖有关的生理过程，如瘦素，可能是 在这些高危和低危人群中进行检查。等位基因估计 尼日利亚样本中的频率将使估计 混血在美国黑人中的潜在作用并有助于指导识别 该人群中与风险相关的特定标记或单倍型。 调查人员表示，迫切需要进行大规模的 对美国黑人进行的家庭研究以确定导致风险的遗传因素 肥胖症。他们进一步表示，本研究还将有足够的 允许进行基因组扫描的权力，计划在第二阶段进行。比较 西非的基因相关样本将提供一个环境 对比并帮助澄清欧洲混杂对 利息。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract) African Americans experience a higher prevalence of obesity than do whites, particularly among women. Recent advances in genetics have made it possible to identify the molecular determinants of obesity. Based on an on-going international collaborative family study, the investigators propose to recruit a community sample of black families in Chicago and Nigeria. In Chicago they will recruit 400 families with 4 or more first degree members (1,600 individuals). In Nigeria, they will also identify a sample of 400 families with 4 or more members (1,600). During a clinical exam they will measure height, weight, fat mass, percent body fat, fat free mass, resting metabolic rate, and waist and hip circumference. Blood will be drawn for assays of glucose, insulin and leptin and genomic DNA will be extracted. Using the candidate gene approach they will examine the potential roll of known genetic markers for obesity. As of this writing, the priority list for candidates includes: a quantitative train locus (QTL) on chromosome 7 (ob gene locus), QTL on chromosome 2, pro-opiomelanocortin, beta3 adrenergic receptor, thyroid hormone receptor genes (TR alpha and TR beta); Uncoupling protein-2 and -3, melanocortin-4 receptor. The high priority loci may change to accommodate new findings. Statistical analyses of the sampled families will first be carried out using path and segregation analysis. Genotyping will be completed on all family members and both association and linkage analysis conducted. The contrast of these families, drawn from populations with similar genetic background living in different social environments, will make it possible to assess the relative impact of environmental conditions on the familiality of obesity traits. In addition, physiologic processes which relate to obesity, like leptin, can be examined in these high and low risk population groups. Estimation of allele frequencies in the Nigerian sample will make it possible to estimate the potential role of admixture in US blacks and help guide efforts to identify specific makers or haplotypes associated with risk in this population. The investigators state that an urgent need exists to undertake large scale family studies among US blacks to identify genetic factors which condition risk of obesity. They further state that the present study will also have sufficient power to permit a genome scan, which is planned in the second stage. Comparison to the genetically related sample in West Africa will provide an environmental contrast and help clarify the impact of European admixture at the loci of interest.