FORMATION OF THE DROSOPHILA SALIVARY GLAND

描述(改编自《调查员摘要》)：的长期目标 这项研究是为了从分子上详细了解细胞如何选择形成 以及他们是如何执行这一决定的。《校长》 研究人员建议通过系统分析这些问题来解决这些问题 形成一种简单的组织，唾液腺，在遗传上容易驯服 有机体，果蝇，黑腹果蝇。在过去几年中， 首席调查员已经确定了控制哪里的因素 唾液腺会形成，而唾液腺中的细胞数量 命运。在未来数年，拟议的研究将提供以下资料： 这些因素如何联合作用来控制唾液腺的表达 基因。首席调查员也有可能是最大的一首单曲 在特定组织中表达的基因的集合。她的目标是准确定位和 描述在唾液腺发育早期起作用的基因， 尤其是协调主要形态发生运动所需的基因 使唾液腺内化，形成功能性上皮管。至 为了实现这些目标，提出了四个具体目标。在目标1中，研究是 建议测试三个早期唾液腺基因是否通过 转录因子SCR、EXD和HTH是直接的，如果是这样的话，将学习如何 TSH、ABD-B和DPP-信号传导阻断激活。在目标2中，提出了研究建议 为探讨两个早期转录因子Fkh和hkb在 唾液腺内化。FKH突变体未能完成内化 唾液腺和广泛的唾液细胞死亡。香港银行变种人启动 在错误的位置内化并形成形状异常的唾液腺。 在目标3中，建议进行研究以解决两个基因的作用，rib和 D-SemaII，在唾液腺的位置。肋骨突变体存在缺陷 唾液腺细胞的定向迁移和D-SemaII突变体的远端 唾液腺的一部分位置异常。在目标4中，研究是 提出寻找唾液腺形态发生所需的新基因。这些新的 基因将从首席调查员收集的 已知在发育中的唾液腺和EMS中表达的基因 饱和屏幕。建议的研究将提供工作蓝图，以 所有高等生物体中器官形成的早期事件。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): The long-term goal of this research is to understand in molecular detail how cells choose to form a particular organ and how they carry out this decision. The Principal Investigator proposes to address these questions by a systematic analysis of formation of a simple tissue, the salivary glands, in a genetically-tractable organism, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. In the past several years, the Principal Investigator has identified the factors that control where salivary glands will form and the number of cells committed to a salivary gland fate. In the next few years, the proposed studies will provide information on how these factors work in combination to control expression of salivary gland genes. The Principal Investigator also has perhaps the largest single collection of genes expressed in a specific tissue. Her goal is to pinpoint and characterize the genes that function very early in salivary gland development, particularly genes that coordinate the major morphogenetic movements required to internalize the salivary glands and to form functional epithelial tubes. To achieve these goals, four specific aims are proposed. In Aim 1, studies are proposed to test if activation of three early salivary gland genes by the transcription factors SCR, EXD and HTH is direct and, if so, will learn how TSH, ABD-B and DPP-signaling block activation. In Aim 2, studies are proposed to address the role of two early transcription factors, FKH and HKB, in salivary gland internalization. Fkh mutants fail to complete internalization of the salivary gland and show extensive salivary cell death. Hkb mutants initiate internalization at the wrong place and form abnormally shaped salivary glands. In Aim 3, studies are proposed to address the role of two genes, rib and D-SemaII, in positioning the salivary gland. Rib mutants have defects in directed migration of salivary gland cells and in D-SemaII mutants the distal portion of the salivary gland is abnormally positioned. In Aim 4, studies are proposed to find new genes required for salivary gland morphogenesis. These new genes will be identified both from the Principal Investigator's collection of genes known to be expressed in the developing salivary gland and from an EMS saturation screen. The proposed studies will provide a working blueprint for the early events of organ formation in all higher organisms.