Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Novelty Preferences

描述(由申请者提供)：优先考虑的范例 近50年来一直用于研究刺激的检测和识别， 婴幼儿的分类、记忆、概念形成与个体差异 认知力。然而，人们对这种疾病的本质知之甚少。 调解新奇偏好的陈述。这样做的总体目的是 这项研究是为了调查新颖性偏好的神经关联 生命的第一年，以阐明陈述的性质 反映在婴儿对新奇刺激的不同注意力上。至 为了实现这一目标，提出了两个实验。实验1将使用一个 横断面设计，以允许评估差异 婴儿脑电(EEG)和事件相关电位(ERPs) 预测出生后第一年的新奇喜好。其中一个目标就是 这项研究旨在评估婴儿的新奇偏好，并与成人模型进行比较 可分离的记忆系统。为了调查这一点， 婴儿记忆的保持间隔将通过两个不同的任务进行评估： 优惠外观和底漆。当婴儿出生时会记录事件相关电位 参与这些任务以评估不同神经的程度 电路可能会分离任务的性能，无论是否存在差异 在预测即时与延迟的大脑活动模式中 再认记忆，以及大脑模式是否存在差异 在生命的第一年，在熟悉的过程中进行活动。实验二 将调查经验对婴儿期新奇偏好的影响。 这将通过操纵婴儿的经验来实现。 对班级刺激物进行测试，并在此体验前后对婴儿进行测试。这个 这项研究的目标是评估与特定班级的经验 刺激对优先看任务的成绩是否有影响 经验影响大脑记忆系统的重新组织，涉及 刺激，以及这种重组是否会随着时间的推移而持续 即使当刺激物从环境中移除时。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Preferential looking paradigms have been used for almost 50 years to study detection and discrimination of stimuli, categorization, memory, concept formation, and individual differences in infant cognition. Yet, relatively little is known about the nature of the representations which mediate novelty preferences. The general aim of this research is to investigate the neural correlates of novelty preferences during the first year of life in order to elucidate the nature of the representation reflected in an infant's differential attention to a novel stimulus. To accomplish this goal, two experiments are proposed. Experiment 1 will employ a cross-sectional design in order to allow the evaluation of differences in infant electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) which predict novelty preferences across the first year of life. One goal of this research is to evaluate infant novelty preferences against an adult model of dissociable memory systems. In order to investigate this, the effect of retention interval on infant memory will be assessed by two different tasks: preferential looking and priming. ERPs will be recorded while infants participate in these tasks to assess the extent to which different neural circuits may dissociate performance on the tasks, whether there is a difference in the pattern of brain activity which predicts immediate vs delayed recognition memory, and whether there is a difference in the pattern of brain activity during familiarization across the first year of life. Experiment 2 will investigate the effect of experience on novelty preferences in infancy. This will be accomplished b manipulating infants' experience with a particular class of stimuli, and testing infants before and after this experience. The goal of this study are to assess whether experience with a particular class of stimuli effects performance on preferential looking task whether this experience effects brain re-organization of memory systems with respect to the stimuli, and whether such reorganization, if it is found, persists over time even when the stimuli are removed from the environment.