Dietary pattern indexes: relation with CVD risk factors

描述（由申请人提供）： 虽然许多研究已经研究了单一营养素，食物或食物组在疾病病因中的作用，但相对较少的研究涉及由多种相互依赖的饮食因素组成的饮食模式对健康的影响。对饮食模式的研究有几个理由。 首先，自由生活的个体所消耗的复杂饮食不包括单一的营养素或食物，而是含有多种营养素和非营养素的食物的组合。 第二，饮食变量的相互关联使得很难分离出单一营养素或食物的影响。 第三，营养物质在体内的生物活性是相互依赖的。 最后，对疾病预防的建议隐含地反映了饮食模式的方法，强调同时改变几种饮食行为，如增加水果，蔬菜和谷物的摄入量，减少脂肪的摄入量。然而，健康饮食模式改变心脏病风险的确切机制尚不清楚。直觉上，这样的模式可能是有效的，在几个层次上，但鲜为人知的是it. This建议将测试的假设，即两个饮食指数，旨在代表健康的饮食模式可能与几个主要的，生活习惯，和新出现的危险因素的冠心病（CHD）的风险确定的ATP III在一个有代表性的成年美国人样本。 我们将利用1988-1994年第三次全国健康和营养调查（> 15，000人）的膳食、人体测量、生物化学和健康数据来解决这些问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although many studies have examined the role of single nutrients, foods, or food groups in the etiology of disease, relatively little research has addressed the health effects of dietary patterns comprising multiple interdependent dietary factors. Research on dietary patterns is warranted on several grounds. First, complex diets consumed by free-living individuals do not consist of single nutrients or foods but rather a combination of foods containing multiple nutrients and non-nutrients. Second, intercorrelation of dietary variables makes it difficult to isolate effects of single nutrients or foods. Third, biological activities of nutrients in vivo are interdependent. Finally, recommendations for disease prevention implicitly reflect the dietary pattern approach by emphasizing the simultaneous change of several dietary behaviors such as increasing fruit, vegetable, and grain intake, and decreasing fat intake. However, the exact mechanisms through which healthy diet patterns modify the risk of heart disease are not known. Intuitively, such patterns may be effective at several levels, but little is known about it. This proposal will test the hypothesis that two diet indexes intended to represent healthy eating patterns may be associated with several major, life-habit, and emerging risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk identified by the ATP III in a representative sample of adult Americans. We will use dietary, anthropometric, biochemical, and health data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 (>15,000), to address these issues.