Effect of VDJ Recombination on Scid B Cell Development

描述（由申请方提供）：淋巴恶性肿瘤的形成与淋巴细胞发育的基本生理过程V（D）J重组有关。这种重组通过两个步骤进行：位点特异性切割以产生双链DNA断裂，随后是这些断裂的一般修复。后者通过非同源末端连接（NHEJ）蛋白进行。NHEJ基因的突变已显示出极大地增加淋巴细胞的基因组不稳定性和致癌转化。这一发现不仅表明NHEJ蛋白在维持基因组完整性方面的重要性，而且还表明可能引发遗传异常的替代末端连接途径的异常性质。然而，很少有人知道这种异常途径的分子基础V（D）J重组和随之而来的遗传改变。我们的长期目标是阐明淋巴细胞致癌转化中缺陷性V（D）J重组过程的潜在机制，并确定可能增强这些过程的潜在危险因素。为了实现这一目标，我们开发了重组诱导细胞系从一个NHEJ突变，严重的联合免疫缺陷（scid）小鼠，携带突变的催化单位的DNA依赖性蛋白激酶（DNA-PKcs）。该scid细胞系可产生大量的重组中间产物，它们的分解是有条件的、易出错的，并导致基因座间重组产物的形成。我们建议通过开发一种新的方法来捕获任何经历重组诱导易位的细胞，从而扩展我们在DNA-PKcs独立重组方面的工作。为了进一步了解scid细胞中异常末端解析的生物化学性质，我们将描述解析过程中与重组末端相关的蛋白质结构，并直接测试外源表达的重组酶对scid编码末端解析的功能。最后，我们将研究聚（ADP-核糖基）化，几个DNA损伤传感系统之一，在这些scid细胞中识别，加工和连接重组末端，以及在维持基因组稳定性的作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): The formation of lymphoid malignancies has been linked to an essential physiological process of lymphocyte development, V(D)J recombination. This recombination proceeds through two steps: a site specific cleavage to generate double stranded DNA breaks, followed by a general repair of these breaks. The latter is carried out by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) proteins. Mutations in NHEJ genes have been shown to greatly increase genomic instability and oncogenic transformation of lymphocytes. This finding not only indicates the importance of NHEJ proteins in maintaining genome integrity, but also suggests the aberrant nature of an alternative end-joining pathway that may initiate genetic abnormalities. However, little is known about the molecular basis of this aberrant pathway in V(D)J recombination and consequent genetic alterations. Our long term objective is to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of defective V(D)J recombination processes in oncogenic transformation of lymphocytes and to identify potential risk factors that may enhance these processes. In an effort to achieve this goal, we developed recombination-inducible cell lines from one NHEJ-mutant, a severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mouse that bears a mutation in the catalytic unit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs). A large quantity of recombination intermediates can be generated in this scid cell line, and their resolution is conditional, error-prone, and leads to the formation of interlocus recombination products. We propose to extend our work on DNA-PKcs-independent recombination by developing a novel approach to capture any cells that undergo recombination-induced translocation. To further understand the biochemical nature of the aberrant end resolution in scid cells, we will characterize protein structures associated with recombination ends during the course of resolution, and directly test the function of exogenously expressed recombinase on scid coding end resolution. Finally, we will investigate the role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, one of several DNA damage sensing systems, in recognizing, processing and joining recombination ends in these scid cells, as well as in maintaining genome stability.