IDU Access to HIV/HCV Prevention

描述：（申请人提供） 最近在罗得岛（RI）开展了一项健康促进活动，以预防艾滋病毒， 丙型肝炎促使放松对注射器的管制，允许它们的销售， 没有处方的药店该法规定，药店可以 出售注射器：如果是这样，药剂师必须提供注射器处理 信息，并可能提供药物治疗转介信息。这项建议 是调查在获得保健服务方面的种族/族裔和性别差异， 与这一法律变化相关的基于药物的预防服务。我们提出 按地理障碍评估种族/族裔和性别差异 （具体目标1），与吸毒者（这些药物的消费者）有关的障碍 服务）（具体目标2），以及与药剂师（供应商）有关的障碍 （具体目标3）。我们的评估仅限于两个最大的 国际扶轮中的非白人群体、非裔美国人/黑人和拉丁美洲人/西班牙裔美国人， 与白人相比。具体目标1将使用地理编码方法。普查 2000年的数据将用于确定种族多样的街区群体。社会经济 条件将被量化，以在种族分析中调整类别。两 药房和药物使用者的位置将被覆盖， 进入的障碍。对于吸毒者研究，定性和定量方法 将决定进入药房的感知和真实的障碍 预防服务。定性研究将使用目标街道 招募注射吸毒者，而定量研究将包括 现有吸毒者队列的参与者。对于药物相关研究，所有 州内的药店也将纳入其中。我们提供购买者体验 不同种族/族裔群体的非吸毒购买者试图 购买注射器，以及药剂师电话调查，评估 对法律的态度改变，他们对吸毒者的看法， 种族/民族群体。分析将评估获得（或障碍） 机会）及其与种族的关系、种族间和种族间的关系， 社会经济多样的社区。这些分析将提供重要的 关于政策变化的执行情况和有针对性的 解决种族不平等问题。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) A recent health promotion campaign in Rhode Island (RI) to prevent HIV and Hepatitis C prompted the deregulation of syringes, allowing their sale in pharmacies without a prescription. Included in this law is that pharmacies may sell syringes: if so, pharmacists are required to provide syringe disposal information and may provide drug treatment referral information. This proposal is to investigate racial/ethnic and gender disparities in access to pharmacy-based prevention services associated with this law change. We propose to evaluate racial/ethnic and gender disparities by geographic barriers (Specific Aim 1), barriers related to drug users (the consumer of these services) (Specific Aim 2), and barriers related to pharmacists (the providers of these services) (Specific Aim 3). We limit our evaluation to the two largest non-white groups in RI, African Americans/Blacks, and Latino/ Hispanics in comparison to whites. Geocoding methods will be used for Specific Aim 1. Census 2000 data will be used to identify racially diverse block groups. Socioeconomic conditions will be quantified to adjust for class in analyses of race. Both pharmacy and drug user locations will be overlaid to determine geographic barriers to access. For drug user studies, qualitative and quantitative methods will determine both perceived and real barriers to accessing pharmacy prevention services. The qualitative study will use a targeted street recruitment of injection drug users, while the quantitative study will include participants in existing drug user cohorts. For pharmacy-related studies, all pharmacies in the state will be included. We propose a purchaser experience trial where non-drug using purchasers of different racial/ethnic groups attempt to purchase a syringe, as well as a pharmacist telephone survey, evaluating attitudes regarding the law change, their perception regarding drug users and racial/ethnic groups in general. Analyses will evaluate access (or barriers to access) and its relation to race, across and between racially and socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods. These analyses will provide important data regarding the implementation of a policy change and the need for targeted solutions in response to racial disparities.