Young child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors' perspectives on CSA Prevention Methods

本研究旨在探讨儿童性虐待幸存者对儿童性虐待预防方法的看法，并探讨青少年性虐待幸存者对儿童性虐待预防方法的经验与看法。该研究还探讨了如果CSA幸存者认为它们无效，如何开发它们以使其更有效。幸存者的声音贯穿整个研究过程，通过访谈阐述他们的经历，并为改进预防方法的分析和建议做出贡献。根据NSPCC（2019）的定义，CSA是指儿童“被迫或被说服参与性活动”。童年遭受性虐待的创伤效应可能会产生有害的和改变生活的影响，从增加心理健康问题的发生率，包括自杀念头和自我伤害，有时自己也会成为虐待者（Ryan和Lane，1997年）。旨在预防和制止虐待的儿童支助服务预防方法包括教育书籍、校内方案和社会工作专业人员，以查明和帮助有风险的儿童。这些教育孩子认识到性虐待，并提供保护自己和披露不舒服的经验，以一个值得信赖的成年人的建议。对于获得优异成绩的硕士论文，我对44本教育书籍进行了深入分析。我还准备了一篇论文的基础上提交给社会工作的英国杂志。研究经常探讨CSA预防方法的有效性，表明由于年龄，风险严重程度和其他因素，某些方法对某些儿童比其他儿童更有效（Davis和Gidycz，2000）。这表明需要采取多种预防方法，以确保每个儿童都得到保护。这些研究比较了使用预防方法的学校中虐待案件的发生率。然而，在这项研究中很少使用年轻幸存者的声音，更多的研究探讨了没有受到虐待的儿童、父母、虐待者或老年幸存者的声音。这项研究的目的是让CSA的幸存者发出声音，对于获得幸存者所拥有的大量知识财富至关重要。参与研究的幸存者也将是CSA幸存者的倡导者，这将有助于通过他们对幸存者的倡导工作提供更多信息。这项研究是开创性的，听取了年轻幸存者自己的声音，并收集了他们对如何改善目前CSA预防方法的意见，以及是否需要一个新的幸存者主导的倡议来有效预防CSA。研究人员作为CSA倡导者和与年轻CSA幸存者一起工作的个人经历提供了真正的同理心，必要的知识，融洽和反思的基础背景。研究的目的是增进对CSA预防方法的了解，确定幸存者认为目前哪些方法有效，对谁有效，在何种情况下有效，并制定更有效的由幸存者主导的预防方法。研究问题1。目前有哪些战略来解决滥用自我评估的问题？o如何执行，由谁执行？2.是什么帮助阻止了虐待幸存者的经历？还能做些什么来阻止虐待？3. CSA幸存者对CSA预防方法的看法是什么？这些预防方法的优点和缺点是什么？4.如何制定以幸存者为主导的CSA预防方法？o宣传工作能否帮助幸存者制定更有效的方法？抽样参与者将主要通过研究人员已知的联系人进行选择。已经联系了一些倡导者，他们的经验塑造了这项研究的方向。已经确定了一批愿意参加面试的合适的潜在参与者。更多的参与者将通过儿童福利和保护慈善机构进行选择，其中许多人都是儿童基金会的成员。

This comparison on child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors' views of CSA prevention methods investigates young CSA survivors' experiences and views on CSA prevention methods. The research also examines how they can be developed to make them more effective, if the CSA survivors deem them ineffective. Survivors' voices steer this research throughout, articulating their experiences through interviews and contributing to the analysis and recommendations for improved prevention methods. CSA is defined by the NSPCC (2019) as when a child is 'forced or persuaded to take part in sexual activities. The traumatising effects of experiencing sexual abuse in childhood can have a detrimental and life-changing impact, ranging from increased rates of mental health problems, including suicidal thoughts and self-harm to sometimes becoming abusers themselves (Ryan and Lane 1997). CSA prevention methods with the intention of preventing and stopping abuse include educational books, in-school programmes and social work professionals identifying and working with at risk children. These teach children to recognise sexual abuse and give advice on protecting themselves and disclosing uncomfortable experiences to a trusted adult. For MA dissertation, which received a distinction, I conducted an in-depth analysis of 44 educational books. I am also preparing a paper based on this dissertation for submission to the British Journal of Social Work. Studies often explore how effective CSA prevention methods are, demonstrating that some methods are more effective for some children than others due to age, risk severity and additional factors (Davis and Gidycz, 2000). This demonstrates the need for multiple prevention methods to be implemented to ensure every child is protected. These studies compare rates of abuse cases in schools which use the prevention methods. Young survivor's voices are rarely used in this research, however, with substantially more research exploring the voices of children who have not been abused, parents, abusers or older survivors. This research aims to give survivors of CSA a voice and is vital to access the substantial wealth of knowledge survivors have. The survivors involved in the research will also be advocates of CSA survivors, which will help to provide additional information through their advocacy work with survivors. This research is ground-breaking in heeding the voices of young survivors themselves and garnering their opinions on how current CSA prevention methods may be improved and whether a new survivor-led initiative is required for effective CSA prevention. The researcher's personal experience of being a CSA advocate and working with young CSA survivors provides a grounded context of genuine empathy, necessary knowledge, rapport and reflexivity. The Aim The aim of the research is to develop greater knowledge of CSA prevention methods, to ascertain what survivors believe currently works, for whom and in which circumstances and to elaborate more effective survivor-led prevention methods. Research Questions 1. What are the current strategies to address CSA abuse? o How are they implemented and with whom? 2. What helped stop the abuse survivors experienced? o What else could have been done to stop the abuse? 3. What are CSA survivors' views of CSA prevention methods? o What are the strengths and weaknesses of these prevention methods? 4. How can survivor-led CSA prevention methods be developed? o Can the advocacy work the survivors help develop more effective methods? Sampling Participants will primarily be selected through contacts known to the researcher. Some advocates have already been contacted, with their experiences shaping the direction of this research. There is a willing participatory pool of suitable prospective participants already identified for the interviews. Additional participants will be selected through child welfare and protection charities, with many of which the re