Workplace Harassment, Service Utilization, and Drinking

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目标是：1)在全国代表性的就业样本中，在其他风险和保护因素的背景下，研究工作场所骚扰（WH）作为酒精使用和滥用的预测因素的重要性；2)比较WH受害者与非受害者使用专业服务的情况；3)研究性别是否以及如何影响这些变量之间的关系。我们将重点关注以下方面的作用：1)心理健康、健康和其他类型服务的使用，2)与工作相关的社会支持，3)应对方式和行为，4)减少紧张的饮酒预期，以及5)工作场所外的虐待和骚扰史，随着时间的推移，WH受害者对酒精负面后果的脆弱性增加或减少。这项研究将是第一个收集关于WH的国家数据，从而允许对其他研究中发现的WH的酒精相关影响进行一般性测试，以及2)纳入多种类型的WH经历，包括性，种族，信仰和普遍骚扰。将采用随机数字拨号电话调查方法对全国2500名在职成年男性和女性进行两波小组研究（基线，12个月）。调查将涉及：妇女保健经历、一般工作和生活压力、非工作场所骚扰和虐待史、饮酒模式、问题饮酒、缓解紧张的饮酒预期、应对（例如，积极解决妇女保健问题；获得与工作有关的社会支持；使用专业服务）、服务的重点和满意度、心理困扰、工作满意度和身体健康。将使用各种统计技术（例如，混合效应回归、结构方程模型）来描述WH经历和饮酒结果随时间的变化，并描述WH影响有害饮酒和其他结果的各种途径。主要的长期目标是：1)增加关于问题酒精使用的社会心理风险因素的知识体系；2)利用这些知识制定可推广的治疗和干预指南，以a)解决WH和工作压力相关问题的客户的酒精使用和滥用问题，以及b)尽量减少WH和酒精使用对工作场所的其他后果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goals of this study are: 1) to examine the importance of workplace harassment (WH) as a predictor of alcohol use and misuse over time, in the context of other risk and protective factors, in a nationally representative employed sample; 2) to compare the use of professional services by WH victims compared to non-victims; and 3) to investigate whether and how gender influences the relationships among these variables. We will focus on the roles that 1) mental health, health, and other types of services use, 2) work-related social support, 3) coping style and behavior, 4) tension-reduction drinking expectancies, and 5) history of abuse and harassment outside the workplace play in increasing or decreasing vulnerability to negative alcohol outcomes for WH victims over time. This study will be the first to 1) gather national data on WH, thereby allowing a generalizable test of the alcohol-related effects of WH found in other studies, and 2) incorporate multiple types of WH experiences, including sexual, racial, faith-based, and generalized harassment. Random digit dial telephone survey methodology will be used to conduct a two-wave panel study (baseline, 12 months) on a national sample of 2,500 employed adult men and women. The survey will address: WH experiences, general job and life stress, history of non-workplace harassment and abuse, alcohol consumption patterns, problem drinking, tension-reduction drinking expectancies, coping (e.g., actively addressing WH; elicitation of work-related social support; use of professional services), focus of and satisfaction with services, psychological distress, job satisfaction, and physical health. A variety of statistical techniques (e.g., mixed-effects regression, structural equation modeling) will be used to depict changes over time in WH experiences and drinking outcomes, and to depict the varied pathways through which WH impacts on deleterious drinking and other outcomes. Major long-term objectives are: 1) to add to the body of knowledge regarding psychosocial risk factors for problematic alcohol use; 2) to use this knowledge to develop generalizable treatment and intervention guidelines to a) address alcohol use and misuse in clients presenting with WH and job stress-related problems, and b) to minimize other workplace consequences of WH and alcohol use.