Aerodynamics of turbulent flow over rough, porous and compliant surfaces

工程和环境中的大多数表面都是粗糙的、多孔的和/或柔顺的。例如，被生物膜或藤壶污染的船体要么粗糙，要么顺从，或者两者兼而有之。同样，沉积了泥沙的河床或有泥沙沉积的河床上，植被生长的范围也很广，这是多孔的和粗糙的。表面的粗糙度、孔隙率和柔顺性将极大地改变该表面上的流动性能。在这个项目中，我们的目标是了解粗糙、多孔和/或柔顺表面上的湍流的空气动力学和流体动力学。将在南安普顿大学的风洞和水道设施中使用不同的粗糙、多孔和/或顺应性表面进行一系列实验。这些将使用最先进的制造方法来制造。测量将包括使用定制的力天平直接测量阻力，以及一套先进的激光诊断技术，如粒子图像测速仪(PIV)，测量局部流动结构，以及平面激光诱导荧光(PLIF)，以研究此类流动中局部标量分散和混合的效率。这项工作的结果将对环境、运输和能源工程具有实际意义，为理解和参数化湍流边界层流动动力学中的粗糙度、孔隙率和柔度效应奠定了基础。这项工作是EPSRC和欧洲航空航天研究与发展办公室资助的一个更大项目的一部分。这名博士生将是一个更大的小组的一部分，这个小组让学生对类似的问题进行实验和数值模拟。这将允许与其他从事类似项目的人进行互动，并提供一个激发智力的环境。这个项目的结果预计将发表在该领域的顶级期刊上，这位博士生将获得参加几个国际会议的资金。

Majority of surfaces in engineering and environment are rough, porous and/or compliant. For example, ship hulls that have been fouled by bio-films or barnacles are either rough or compliant or both. Similarly, river beds where sediment has been deposited or has range of vegetation growth, which is porous and rough. The roughness, porosity and compliance of the surface will substantially alter the performance of flow over that surface. In this project, we aim to understand the aerodynamics and hydrodynamics of a turbulent flow over rough, porous and/or compliant surfaces. A range of experiments will be performed in the wind tunnel and water channel facilities at the University of Southampton using different rough, porous and/or compliant surfaces. These will be manufactured using the state-of-the-art manufacturing methods. Measurements will include the use of a custom-built force balance, to directly measure the drag, and a suite of advanced laser-diagnostics such as particle image velocimetry (PIV), to measure the local flow structure, and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), to investigate the efficiency of the local scalar dispersion and mixing in such flows. The results of this work will have practical relevance to environmental, transportation, and energy engineering by setting the groundwork for the understanding and parameterization roughness, porosity and compliance effects on the dynamics of turbulent boundary layer flows. This work is part of a larger project funded by EPSRC and European Office of Aerospace Research & Development. The PhD student will be part of a larger group that has students carrying out experiments and numerical simulations of similar problems. This will enable interactions with others working on similar projects and provide an intellectually stimulating environment. The results of this project are expected to be published in the field's top journals and the PhD student will have the funding to attend several international conferences.