NORMAL & IMPAIRED TEMPORAL PROCESSING OF COMPLEX SOUNDS

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》)：长期 这项建议的目标是制定准确的、量化的模型，用于 听力正常和听力受损的人对音调、噪音和语言的感知。 这样的模型可能有助于为听力障碍提供更好的诊断工具 以及更好地康复听力受损的听众。拟议中的项目 目的是研究听觉系统中影响大脑的动态过程 感知响度和粗糙度，并继续对它们进行建模 流程。模型预测将与获得的心理声学数据进行比较 在强迫选择实验中，有耳蜗性听力障碍的人和正常的人 听众在安静的环境中进行测试，并使用频谱连续的掩蔽物进行测试 形成与受损听者的阈值相等的阈值。 具体目标包括四个方面。具体目标1是测试几个 与等SPL长短响度比有关的假设 听起来。将测量长音和短音的双耳响度总和 作为水平的函数。一种新的范例将被用来确定音量 通过衡量所需持续时间的差异，随着刺激持续时间的增长而增长 为了在等音速单音和双音之间产生相同的响度，以及 在纯音调和音调和音调复合体之间。《特定目标2》测试 假设强烈的“重新校准”音调会降低正常音调的斜率 Listers*中等音量和后续测试音的响度功能 在受损的听众中，这种重新校准会减少或不存在，因为它是 通过对外毛细胞的传出作用来调节。响度匹配在 不同频率的音调将作为电平和的函数获得 而无需事先提交85分贝SPL重新校准音调。的影响 还将研究响度时间积分的重新校准。 具体目标3是检验响度函数的形式的假设 对于低和中等水平的音调来说，大约与 最大基底膜振动幅度的平方。远期增长 使用开频率和离频率掩蔽将被比作响度 由双耳响度总和和的测量得出的函数 响度时间积分的测量。具体目标4是测试 假设响度重新校准可在中等水平减少粗糙度。 将获得跨频率粗糙度匹配，作为电平的函数 而且不需要重新校准。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) : The long-term objective of this proposal is to formulate precise, quantitative models for the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models may aid in providing better diagnostic tools for hearing impairment and better rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to investigate dynamic processes in the auditory system that affect the perception of loudness and roughness and to continue modeling of these processes. Model predictions will be compared to psychoacoustic data obtained in forced-choice experiments with cochlearly impaired listeners and with normal listeners tested in the quiet and with continuous maskers that are spectrally shaped to produce thresholds equal to those of an impaired listener. The specific aims encompass four areas. Specific aim 1 is to test several hypotheses related to the loudness ratio between equal-SPL long and short sounds. Binaural loudness summation for long and short tones will be measured as a function of level. A novel paradigm will be used to determine how loudness grows with stimulus duration by measuring the difference in duration required to produce equal loudness between equal-SPL monotic and diotic tones and between pure tones and tone and tone complexes. Specific aim 2 tests the hypotheses that intense 'recalibration' tones reduce the slope of normal listeners* loudness function for subsequent test tones at moderate levels and that recalibration is reduced or absent in impaired listeners, because it is mediated by efferent action on the outer hair cells. Loudness matches between tones at different frequencies will be obtained as a function of level with and without prior presentation of 85-dB-SPL recalibration tones. The effect of recalibration on temporal integration of loudness also will be examined. Specific aim 3 is to test the hypothesis that the form of the loudness function for a tone at low and moderate levels is approximately proportional to the square of the maximal basilar-membrane vibration amplitude. Growth of forward masking with on- and off-frequency maskers will be compared to loudness functions derived from measurements of binaural loudness summation and from measurements of temporal integration of loudness. Specific aim 4 is to test the hypothesis that loudness recalibration reduces roughness at moderate levels. Across-frequency roughness matches will be obtained as a function of level with and without recalibration.