Prevention Of Childhood Injuries - Injury Surveillance

作为“NIH/DC降低婴儿死亡率倡议”的一个组成部分，建立了一个全面的全市伤害监测系统，收集导致急诊室就诊、住院或死亡的3岁儿童受伤的数据。家庭服务部还提供了有关已证实的虐待和忽视案件的资料。数据收集已完成。在所有10家研究医院和从1995年10月1日至1996年9月30日的一年期间，确定了3039次与伤害有关的就诊，每年以事件为基础的比率为13.5/100人/年。有9人死亡，163人住院，2867人去急诊科就诊。1-2岁儿童的伤害率最高，婴儿的伤害率最低。损伤的主要原因因严重程度不同而不同。故意伤害和意图不明但怀疑是故意的伤害，占死亡(n=4，44%)和住院(n=36，22%)的最大比例。相比之下，故意伤害和不明意图伤害只占急诊就诊的2%(n=56)。42%的伤害相关急诊是因跌倒(n=1245)。在其中三个研究地点，在受伤事件发生后不久，向父母或照顾者发放了一份问卷。在1913个有资格面谈的家庭中，1,445个(77%)得到了联系，1,352个家庭(93%的接触者)完成了面谈。以前的手稿都集中在父母对采访的敏感性，以及与设计和实施多医院伤害监测系统有关的问题。最近的努力集中在活动周围的情况，特别是成人监督的作用。

As one component of the "NIH/DC Initiative to Reduce Infant Mortality" a comprehensive, city-wide injury surveillance system was established which collected data about injuries in children <3 years of age that resulted in an emergency room visit, hospitalization or death. Information about substantiated cases of abuse and neglect was also obtained from the Department of Family Services. Data collection is complete. For all ten study hospitals and for the one year period from October 1, 1995 through September 30, 1996, 3039 injury-related visits were identified yielding an annual event-based rate of 13.5/100 persons/year. There were nine deaths, 163 hospitalizations, and 2,867 emergency department visits. Injury rates were highest in one-two year olds and lowest in infants. Leading causes of injury varied with severity. Intentional injuries and injuries where intent was undetermined but suspicious of being intentional, comprised the largest fraction of deaths (n=4, 44%) and hospitalizations (n=36, 22%). In contrast intentional injuries and injuries of undetermined intent accounted for only 2% of ED visits (n=56). Forty-two percent of injury-related ED visits were for falls (n=1245). At three of the study sites a questionnaire was administered to the parent or care giver shortly after the injury event. Of the 1913 families who were eligible for an interview, 1,445 (77%) were contacted and interviews were completed for 1,352 (93% of contacts). Previous manuscripts have focused on parental sensitivities to the interview and issues related the design and implementation of a multi-hospital injury surveillance system. Most recently efforts have focused on circumstances surrounding the event and particularly the role of adult supervision.