"They target vulnerability not just age". Perspectives on the response of one statutory service to the sexual exploitation of adults.

性剥削的成年受害者/幸存者的经历是什么，包括他们对‘性剥削’这一术语的理解及其与他们的关系？这个标签有多大帮助？社工从业者和成年社工幸存者是如何经历法定的保护过程的？《关爱法案》(2014)是如何构建脆弱性的，这是否有助于成为受害者的叙事？成年社工和社工幸存者是如何经历“基于关系的社会工作实践”的？幸存者如何设想一种“不同的方式”获得支持或改变他们的生活？这项研究包括两个阶段；第一个阶段是我和我的同事作为成年社会工作者在一个多学科团队中扮演的角色，该团队成立的目的是解决城市地方当局地区对儿童和成年人的性剥削问题。第二部分将通过以艺术为基础的方法论/研究(ABR)来利用参与行动研究(PAR)来探索成年SEE幸存者的生活经历。通过“互动访谈”(Ellis，2004)的过程，我以前同事的经历将被编织成我自己的自我人种学观察和对幸存者实践的反思，以努力合作地“分享”经验，以产生更丰富的账户(Ellis，2004)。在类似于反思性实践讨论的过程中，数据将通过在六个月内每两个月进行一次的多次访谈来收集。课程将提供机会在参与者和面试者之间新出现的和已建立的关系的背景下讨论实践/研究问题(Adams，2008)。这两个研究线索将检查成人社会工作者保护实践的认知，并探索现有CSE模式的适用性和局限性。由于当前CSE的实践指南侧重于发展可信的信任关系，以实现长期保障目标(Shuker等人)。2013)，我将探讨这一假设以及在正规护理管理模式的约束下实现这一目标的可行性。Brown(2015；2019年)关于脆弱性及其社会建构性质的部分的工作将被考虑，特别是与《关爱法案》(2014)有关的工作，其新的重点是‘预防’虐待。PAR和ABR在涉及边缘化群体方面是有效的(Coemans等人，2015)，在这种情况下，因为它们能够捕捉难以用言语表达的经验。除了解决研究过程中权力失衡的可能性外，还培养了制定社会变革的更广泛目标，利用艺术的能力“……挖掘情感，可能会让我们以不同的方式看待或思考”(York ks&Kasl，2006p12)，这可能会与更广泛的受众建立更深层次的联系。将考虑各种方法，包括诗歌、手工制作和拼贴与主题有关的‘艺术日记’(汇编图像、文本或图画)，并设想一种群体形式。重要的是，从一开始就表明，并非所有幸存者都想明确讨论或表达他们对过去的剥削的感受，而且主张自己声音的机会仍然是宝贵的。同样重要的是，公开我所认为的这项研究的目的，以及该组织可能民主地寻求朝着不同方向发展的可能性。这项研究旨在通过增加幸存者的成人声音来纠正这一平衡。通过招募从业者和幸存者作为“联合研究人员”，这项研究试图“将这两个群体定位为自身经验的权威，并进一步发展他们对系统性问题的认识，以推动他们采取社会行动”(Martin Etal.，2019 p6)。

What are the experiences of adult victim/survivors of sexual exploitation,including their understanding of the term 'sexual exploitation' (SE) and how itrelates to them? How helpful is this label?How is the statutory Safeguarding process experienced by both social workpractitioners and adult survivors of SE?How is vulnerability constructed within the Care Act (2014) and has thiscontributed to a narrative of victimhood?How is 'relationship-based social work practice' experienced by both adult socialworkers and survivors of SE?How might survivors envisage a 'different way' of being supported or makingchange in their lives?This study includes two phases; the first an auto-ethnographic account of my colleaguesand I in our roles as specialist adult social workers within a multidisciplinary teamestablished to address sexual exploitation of children and adults across an urban localauthority district. The second will utilise Participation Action Research (PAR) by meansof Arts-Based Methodologies/research (ABR) to explore the lived experiences of adultsurvivors of SE.Through a process of 'interactive interviewing' (Ellis, 2004), the experiences of myformer colleagues will be weaved into my own auto-ethnographic observations andreflections on practice with survivors in an effort to collaboratively 'share' experiences togenerate richer accounts (Ellis, 2004). In a process similar to reflective practicediscussions, data will be gathered via multiple interviews conducted bi-monthly over sixmonths. Sessions will provide the opportunity to discuss practice/research questions ina 'context of emerging and well-established relationships among participants andinterviewers' (Adams, 2008).Both strands of the research will examine the perceptions of safeguarding practice ofadult social workers and explore the applicability and limitations of existing models ofCSE. As current practice guidance for CSE focuses on developing authentic trustingrelationships to achieve long-term safeguarding goals (Shuker et al. 2013), I will explorethis assumption and the practicalities of achieving this aim within the constraints of aformal care management model. Brown's (2015; 2019) work on vulnerability and adissection of its socially constructed nature will be considered, particularly in relation tothe Care Act (2014) with its new emphasis on 'prevention' of abuse.PAR and ABR are effective in involving marginalised groups (Coemans et al., 2015), inthis instance through their ability to capture difficult to verbalise experiences. As well asthe potential to address power imbalance within the research process, the broader aimof enacting social change is fostered, utilising the ability of the arts to '...tap intoemotions and may jar us into seeing or thinking differently' (Yorks & Kasl, 2006p12) andwhich might more deeply connect with a wider audience.Various methods will be considered including poetry, crafting and collage 'art journaling'(compiling images, text or drawings) relating to a theme and a group format isenvisaged. It will be important to communicate from the start that not all survivors willwant to explicitly discuss or express their feelings on past exploitation and that theopportunity to assert their voice is still valued. It will also be important to be open aboutthe aims of the research as viewed by myself, and to the possibility that the group mightdemocratically seek to move in a different direction.This research aims to redress the balance by adding adult voices of survivors to theliterature. By enlisting practitioners and survivors as 'co-researchers', this researchseeks to 'position [both groups] as authorities of their own experiences and furtherdeveloping their awareness of systemic issues to move them to social action' (Martin etal., 2019 p6).