Exploring the link between 'intimate' terrorism and mass public violence

女权主义学者长期以来一直认为，公共/私人鸿沟的存在有助于将男性对女性的暴力行为非政治化，并将其置于国家干预范围之外。公共暴力和私人暴力的概念如此不同，这一事实也掩盖了它们之间可能存在的任何关系。然而，有说服力的轶事证据表明，家庭暴力和公共恐怖袭击实际上可能是有联系的：例如，2017年英国的7名袭击者中，有4人经历过或实施过家庭暴力；对包括尼斯、波士顿马拉松、Pulse夜总会、瑞士法郎咖啡馆和《查理周报》在内的其他袭击事件的简短调查表明了一种模式。尽管有这些证据，但没有系统的研究来调查这种大规模公共暴力行为与家庭虐待之间的潜在联系。相反，许多分析都依赖于严重种族化的“恐怖主义”范式，这种范式模糊了“恐怖主义”行为与父权结构中常见的无数其他形式的暴力之间的相似性。由于模糊了这些相似性，这种分析无法解释“公共”和“私人”暴力是如何交叉的。利用叙事犯罪学家如Lois Presser、Shadd Maruna和Sveinung Sandberg的方法，这项研究将解决分析上的差距。通过深入的案例研究和主题主导的访谈，它将通过探索所谓的“伊斯兰”罪犯、极右翼罪犯和那些犯下团伙暴力的人的暴力历史，从肇事者的角度来调查“私人”暴力和“公共”暴力之间的关系。在此过程中，它将试图了解这些肇事者的犯罪决定背后的世界观，以及他们自己对暴力升级到公共领域的理解。通过更好地了解肇事者的观点，我们可能会学到如何防止进一步暴力的关键教训，这对国家安全问题和解决家庭暴力的协调行动的紧迫性具有重要意义。

Feminist scholars have long posited that the existence of a public/private divide functions todepoliticise male violence against women and place it beyond the realm of stateintervention. The fact that public and private violence are conceptualised so differently alsofunctions to obscure any relationship that may exist between them. However, persuasiveanecdotal evidence suggests that the perpetration of domestic abuse and public terrorattacks may in fact be linked: Out of seven 2017 UK attackers, for instance, four were knownto have experienced or perpetrated domestic abuse; A brief survey of other attacks -including Nice, the Boston Marathon, Pulse Nightclub, Lindt Café and Charlie Hebdo -indicates a pattern. Despite this evidence, no systematic research exists to investigate apotential link between such acts of mass public violence and domestic abuse. Instead, muchanalysis rests on the heavily racialised 'terrorism' paradigm, which obscures similaritiesbetween 'terroristic' behaviours and myriad other forms of violence that are commonplacewithin patriarchal structures. In obscuring these similarities, such analysis cannot accountfor how 'public' and 'private' violence intersect. Drawing on the approach of narrativecriminologists such as Lois Presser, Shadd Maruna and Sveinung Sandberg, this research willaddress that gap in analysis. Using in-depth case studies and subject-led interviews, it willinvestigate what the relationship between 'private' and 'public' violence might be from theperspective of those who perpetrate both by exploring the violent histories of so-called'Islamist' offenders, far-right offenders and those who have committed gang violence. Indoing so, it will seek to understand the worldviews behind these perpetrators' criminogenicdecisions and their own understanding of the escalation of their violence into the publicsphere. By better understanding perpetrators' perspectives, we can potentially learn cruciallessons in how to prevent further violence, with significant implications for questions ofnational security and for the urgency of concerted action to address domestic abuse.