High resolution study of presynaptic calcium influx

超出所提供的空间。 神经元通过电活动进行交流，但神经元之间的信息交换通常需要释放化学信使。这种快速的突触传递受到钙离子流入突触前神经元的专门活动区的严格调节。钙内流的大小、时间和空间分布决定了释放的递质的量。我们建议使用高速成像在青蛙神经肌肉接头，以增加我们的理解的空间分布的钙离子内流的配置文件，调节释放在这个突触。青蛙的神经肌肉接头是一个典型的突触准备与大和组织良好的活动区。因此，这种制备结合了有利于在单个活动区水平进行钙成像的空间组织，以及与该突触的生理学和解剖学相关的丰富背景信息。我们建议的特点与快速的时间分辨率的空间分布的钙内流沿着长度的神经肌肉接头。我们将测试的假设，即一个单一的Ca2+通道的开放产生刺激诱发的Ca2+进入网站和单通道开放触发发射器释放在青蛙神经肌肉接头。此外，我们有兴趣在此突触的电压门控通道的钙离子内流的G蛋白调制的影响进行研究。这些研究将增加我们对递质释放及其调节的理解。性能现场=

EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED. Neurons communicate using electrical activity, but the exchange of information between neurons usually requires the release of chemical messengers. This fast synaptic transmission is tightly regulated by the flux of calcium ions into specialized active zone regions of the presynaptic neuron. The magnitude, timing, and spatial distribution of calcium influx determines the amount of transmitter that is released. We propose to use high speed imaging at the frog neuromuscular junction to increase our understanding of the spatial distribution of the calcium influx profiles that regulate release at this synapse. The frog neuromuscular junction is a classic synaptic preparation with large and well-organized active zones. As such, this preparation combines a spatial organization that is favorable for calcium imaging at the level of single active zones with a wealth of background information related to the physiology and anatomy of this synapse. We propose to characterize with fast temporal resolution the spatial distribution of calcium influx along the length of the neuromuscular junction. We will test the hypothesis that the opening of a single Ca2+ channel generates a stimulus-evoked Ca2+ entry site and that single channel openings trigger transmitter release in the frog neuromuscular junction. In addition, we are interested in studying the effects of G protein modulation of calcium influx through voltage-gated channels at this synapse. These studies will increase our understanding of transmitter release and its modulation. PERFORMANCE SITE ========================================Section End===========================================