Training in Hantavirus Ecology, Virology & Clinical Investigation in the Americas

描述（由申请人提供）：汉坦病毒是一种RNA病毒，由特定的啮齿动物物种携带，通过吸入被病毒污染的啮齿动物粪便和尿液传播给人类。在美洲，几种汉坦病毒现在被认为是汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）的病因，这种疾病有很高的病死率。HCPS的病原是A类生物武器威胁。智利和阿根廷的安第斯病毒相关HCPS在汉坦病毒中是独特的，因为它可以在人与人之间传播。汉坦病毒病于1993年首次在西半球得到确认，因此迫切需要在美洲建立与汉坦病毒感染有关的啮齿动物生态学、病毒学、临床护理和临床研究方面的专门知识。自1997年以来，我们的美国和智利调查小组一直在汉坦病毒的研究、培训和技术转让方面进行合作。2000年巴拿马首次爆发HCPS时，该小组的多名成员为扩大我们在巴拿马的研究和培训做出了贡献。自1999年以来，我们已经获得了ICIDR项目资助和福格蒂ABC培训项目，并在多个层次上成功地对学生进行了短期和长期培训。2004年，我们通过全球传染病研究培训计划获得了博士后奖学金的补充资金，ICIDR计划项目拨款已延长至2010年。在这场竞争激烈的复兴中，我们的具体目标是：1)在新墨西哥大学、阿拉巴马大学和南方研究所提供长期培训，包括博士、公共卫生硕士、传染病和重症护理以及博士后奖学金培训，这些培训将提高智利和巴拿马合作学术中心的研究能力；2)在新墨西哥大学、阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校、约翰霍普金斯大学公共卫生学院提供短期培训；智利圣地亚哥天主教大学和智利圣地亚哥德萨罗罗大学，以解决新墨西哥大学/智利/巴拿马ICIDR项目的具体培训需求。3)在该培训基金和新墨西哥大学/智利/巴拿马联合支持下，每年举行一次研究和培训会议，以建立团队，审查研究和培训活动的进展情况，让学员和调查人员报告他们的项目，并规划未来的研究和培训活动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hantaviruses are RNA viruses that are harbored by specific rodent species and are transmitted to man via inhalation of virus-contaminated rodent feces and urine. In the Americas, several hantaviruses are now recognized as etiological agents of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which has a high case- fatality ratio. Etiologic agents of HCPS are Category A bioweapon threats. Andes virus-associated HCPS in Chile and Argentina is unique among hantaviruses in that it can be transmitted person-to-person. Hantavirus disease was first recognized in the Western Hemisphere in 1993, so there is an urgent need to build expertise in the Americas in rodent ecology, virology, clinical care, and clinical research as it relates to hantavirus infections in the Americas. Our group of U.S. and Chilean investigators has collaborated in hantavirus research, training and technology transfer since 1997, and multiple members of the team contributed to expansion of our research and training to Panama when it experienced its first outbreak of HCPS in 2000. We have had an ICIDR program project grant and a Fogarty ABC training program since 1999, with a track record of successful short- and long-term training of students at multiple levels. In 2004 we obtained supplemental funding through the Global Infectious Disease Research Training Program for a post- doctoral fellowship, and the ICIDR program project grant has been renewed through 2010. In this competitive renewal, our specific aims are to: 1) provide long-term training, including Ph.D., MPH, infectious diseases and critical care and post-doctoral fellowship training at the University of New Mexico, the University of Alabama and Southern Research Institute in areas that will increase the research capacity of the collaborating academic centers in Chile and Panama, 2) provide short-term training at the University of New Mexico, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Catholic University in Santiago, Chile and Universidad del Desarrollo in Santiago, Chile to address specific training needs for the UNM/Chile/Panama ICIDR program, and 3) conduct an annual research and training meeting, jointly supported by this training grant and UNM/Chile/Panama, for team building, to review progress in the research and training activities, for trainees and investigators to report on their projects, and to plan future research and training activities.