Optimization Of HIV Specific Immune Responses In Vivo

成功开发艾滋病毒疫苗可能需要诱导抗体和/或细胞免疫反应，足以在感染挑战后分别预防感染或疾病。虽然各种其他感染性病原体的抗体反应很容易通过各种疫苗配方来实现，但减毒活疫苗、重组病毒疫苗或质粒DNA疫苗只能诱导长寿的细胞免疫反应，特别是CD8+T细胞反应。此外，由于HIV减毒活疫苗可能出于安全考虑而被禁止使用，而DNA疫苗目前只能在人类体内诱导适度的CD8+T细胞反应，因此迫切需要开发方法，在后续免疫中增强人类CD8+T细胞反应的产生和维持。这项研究的重点是如何优化在啮齿动物和灵长类动物中使用各种疫苗配方接种后CD8+T细胞反应的大小和持续时间。

Successful development of a vaccine against HIV will likely require the induction of both antibody and/or cellular immune responses sufficient to prevent infection or disease respectively following infectious challenge. While the induction of antibody responses for a variety of other infectious pathogens is readily achieved by a variety of vaccine formulations, live attenuated, recombinant viral vaccines or plasmid DNA vaccines only induce the induction of long-lived cellular immune responses, particularly CD8+ T cell responses. Moreover, since live attenuated HIV vaccines might be precluded from use due to safety concerns and DNA vaccines at present only induce modest CD8+ T cell responses in humans, there is an urgent need to develop ways to enhance the generation and maintenance of CD8+ T cell responses in humans in following immunization. This study focuses on how to optimize the magnitude and duration of CD8+ T cell responses following vaccination in rodents and primates using a variety of vaccine formulations.