Hierarchies of Gender, Nation, and Race: Sexual Encounters in the French Zone of Occupation in Post-WarGermany, 1945-1955

我的博士项目将分析民族主义性别和性规范对法国占领区（ZFO）跨国性接触的感知和经验的影响。考虑到双方同意的关系、性暴力以及两者之间的灰色地带，我将研究当代人是否主要通过国家差异的视角来看待这种遭遇，或者是否对国界的侵犯被性道德、暴力或种族的担忧所边缘化。这项研究将阐明国家内部的交叉等级制度如何塑造国际和跨境关系，为民族主义、性别和冲突后社会的研究增添新的视角。诺丁汉大学历史系在性别和冲突史方面提供广泛的专业知识。阿德勒博士是这个项目的理想导师，因为她研究的是ZFO的性别历史，哈维教授（诺丁汉）和Hájková博士（沃里克）将在第二次世界大战期间的性别、性行为和暴力方面贡献大量的专业知识。我为我的博士项目做了充分的准备，这个项目建立在我对二十世纪早期法国和德国民族主义以及性别关系的了解之上。我曾在斯特拉斯堡的下莱茵省档案馆和慕尼黑的巴伐利亚州国家图书馆进行档案研究。我的46000字硕士论文（获得A级）研究了1918-1919年阿尔萨斯重新被法国吞并后，法国文官军事管理人员与阿尔萨斯居民之间的谈判，分析了法律文件、行政表格和上诉信。它的结论是，阿尔萨斯人通过性别途径获得法国性，并提出了多层嵌套归属的概念。我的硕士研究是多语言的，使用法语和德语材料，我将其翻译成英语并进行分析。我在2020年5月的欧洲历史研究生会议上介绍了这项研究。毕业后，我将论文重新整理成几篇较短的论文，准备在2021年春季的学术会议上发表，并作为会议论文发表。我的跨学科研究生学位扩展了我在历史和社会科学研究方法、档案实践的批判性评估、访谈/实地调查的伦理考虑以及研究人员反身性方面的知识。我接受了定性研究方法的培训，在多个研究项目中使用了历史话语分析、定性内容分析和传记方法。在德国学术奖学金基金会的资助下，我目前正在由帕绍大学malte Rehbein教授领导的为期两年的合作项目中探索定量方法和数字历史方法（例如数据建模，地理信息系统，网络分析，统计学）。

My doctoral project will analyse the impact of nationalist gender and sexual norms on perceptions and experiences of cross-national sexual contacts in the French Zone of Occupation (ZFO). Considering consensual relationships, sexual violence, and the grey area in between, I will examine whether contemporaries perceived such encounters primarily through the lens of national difference or if the transgression of national boundaries was sidelined by concerns around sexual morality, violence, or race. This research will illuminate how intersectional hierarchies within nations shape international and cross-border relations, adding new perspectives to the study of nationalism, sexuality, and post-conflict societies. The History Department at the University of Nottingham offers a breadth of expertise in gender and conflict history. Dr Adler is the ideal supervisor for this project, given her work on the gendered history of the ZFO, and Professor Harvey (Nottingham) and Dr Hájková (Warwick) will contribute enormous expertise in gender, sexuality, and violence during the Second World War. I am well prepared for my PhD project, which builds on my knowledge of early twentieth-century Frenchand German nationalisms and gender relations. I have experience conducting archival research in the Archives départementales du Bas-Rhin in Strasbourg and the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich. My46,000-word MA dissertation (awarded grade A) examined negotiations between French civil-military administrators and Alsatian residents following Alsace's re-annexation to France in 1918-1919, analysing legal documents, administrative forms, and appeal letters. It concluded that Alsatians accessed Frenchness through gendered avenues, and proposed the concept of multi-layered nested belonging. My MA research was multilingual, using French and German materials which I translated into and analysed in English. I presented this research at the Graduate Conference in European History in May 2020. Since graduating, I re-worked my thesis into several shorter papers to present at academic conferences in spring 2021, which will be published as conference papers.My interdisciplinary graduate degree expanded my knowledge of historical and social scientific research approaches, critical evaluation of archival practices, ethical considerations of interviews/fieldwork, and researcher reflexivity. I received training in qualitative research methods, employing historical discourse analysis, qualitative content analysis, and biographical approaches in multiple research projects. I am currently exploring quantitative methods and digital history approaches (e.g. data modelling, geographic information systems, network analysis, statistics) during a two-year collaborative project led by ProfessorMalte Rehbein (University of Passau), funded by the German Academic Scholarship Foundation.