Between Politics and Law: The Question of the European female Islamic State returnees

这项研究项目采用跨学科的方法来调查这个问题：各国政府和国际机构是如何处理加入伊斯兰国的欧洲妇女的？这项研究将把性别和社会法律方法应用于反恐和司法实践，以及英国、法国和欧盟在遣返、起诉、定罪和重返社会方面的国际合作。需要调查的关键问题是：1)这些反恐和司法反应是否以及在多大程度上反映了法律公约、制度规范和政策框架的性别适用？2)适用于这些妇女的国际法律公约和国内法律框架在多大程度上反映了对女性的性别理解，包括但不限于公民权利和概念上的区别，如战斗人员和非战斗人员之间的区别，反映了对女性意识形态信念追随者的能力、赋予她们的特定角色的性别理解，3)这些人对社会构成的风险程度是如何设定和计算的，影响这一设定的因素是什么？该项目旨在促进关于性别和暴力的学术讨论，并促进对女性回返者案件作出连贯和公正的国家和多边回应。

This research project adopts an interdisciplinary approachto investigate the question: How are the European womenthat joined the Islamic State being dealt with by nationalgovernments and international institutions? This researchwill apply gender and socio-legal approaches to thecounterterrorism and judicial practices as well asinternational cooperation of the UK, France, and theEuropean Union regarding the return, prosecution,conviction, and reintegration of female returnees.Key questions to be investigated will be: 1) Whether and towhat extent these counterterrorism and judicial responsesreflect a gendered application of legal conventions,institutional norms, and policy frameworks? 2) To whatextent the international legal conventions and domesticlegal frameworks applied to these women, including butnot limited to rights to citizenship and conceptualdistinctions such as that between combatants and noncombatants,reflect a gendered understanding of thecapacity of female IS adherents for ideological conviction,of the particular roles attributed to them, and of theiragency? 3) How is the degree of risk these individuals areseen to pose to society framed and calculated, and whatare the factors that influence this framing? This projectseeks to contribute to the academic discourse on genderand violence and to facilitate the creation of coherent andjust national and multi-lateral responses to the case offemale returnees.