Social Interactions/Depression-Intellectual Disabilities

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究表明，压力感知对轻度智力残疾（ID）成年人的心理健康有不利影响（15，18，19，24）。轻度ID的成年人认为有压力的社会交往发生得更频繁，比其他类型的负面事件有更大的压力影响（6，18）。对参与有压力的社会交往的其他人的类别的洞察对理解轻度ID的成年人容易受到压力感知的情况有影响（例如，家庭访问）。人们对轻度ID成人的人际交往技能知之甚少（例如，难以表达意见），或者轻度ID成人的实际人际交往技能缺陷，以及这些人际交往困难如何导致紧张的社会交往。不可能消除所有有压力的社会交往，因此调查用于处理有压力的社会交往的应对策略以及围绕这些交往的情绪也是必要的。压力事件和消极的社会互动在理解和治疗一般人群中的抑郁症方面起着关键作用。紧张的社会交往，这些事件的因果关系归因，以及用于处理这些事件的应对策略也可能是抑郁症的一个显着特点，在轻度ID成人。在目标1，100名轻度ID成人的紧张的社会交往的频率和压力的影响将通过访谈和标准化问卷进行评估。将确定与这些互动发生的其他人的类别以及与这些互动相关的轻度ID成人的人际交往技能困难。还将确定用于处理紧张的负面社会交往的应对策略。在目标2中，将评估50名患有抑郁症的轻度ID成年人和50名没有抑郁症的轻度ID成年人的匹配对照组的压力社交互动，因果归因和应对策略。这项研究与公共卫生的相关性是：1）增加对轻度ID成人中压力性社会交往的理解; 2）开发应对训练计划，以增加适应性应对的使用，以处理压力性社会交往和这些交往发生时的情绪; 3）确定轻度ID成人抑郁症的人际和认知方面，可以为制定适当的干预措施提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Perception of stress has recently been shown to have a detrimental impact on the psychological health of adults with mild intellectual disabilities (ID)(15, 18,19, 24). Adults with mild ID perceive stressful social interactions as occurring more frequently and as having a greater stress impact than other types of negative events (6,18). Insight into the category of others involved in stressful social interactions has implications for understanding situations in which adults with mild ID are vulnerable to perceptions of stress (e.g., family visits). Little is known about the interpersonal skills that adults with mild ID perceive as difficult (e.g. difficulty asserting opinions), or the actual interpersonal skill deficits of adults with mild ID, and how these interpersonal difficulties contribute to stressful social interactions. It is impossible to eliminate all stressful social interactions and thus an investigation of the coping strategies used to deal with stressful social interactions and the emotions surrounding these interactions is also warranted. Stressful events and negative social interactions play a key role in understanding and treating depression among the general population. Stressful social interactions, the causal attributions for these events, and the coping strategies used to deal with these events may also be a salient feature of depression in adults with mild ID. In Aim 1, the frequency and stress impact of stressful social interactions of 100 adults with mild ID will be assessed through interviews and standardized questionnaires. The category of others with whom these interactions occur and the interpersonal skill difficulties of adults with mild ID related to these interactions will be identified. The coping strategies utilized for dealing with stressful negative social interactions will also be determined. In Aim 2, stressful social interactions, causal attributions, and coping strategies of 50 adults with mild ID who have a depressive diagnosis and a matched control group of 50 adults with mild ID without a depressive diagnosis will be evaluated. The relevance of this research to public health is: 1) to increase understanding of stressful social interactions among adults with mild ID; 2) to develop coping training programs to increase the use of adaptive coping to deal with stressful social interactions and the emotions surrounding these interactions when they do occur; 3) to identify interpersonal and cognitive aspects of depression among adults with mild ID that could inform the development of appropriate interventions.