When Baby Cries: Hostility Schema in Physical Abuse Risk

当婴儿哭泣时：身体虐待风险中的敌意模式

• 批准号: 7017571
• 负责人: Julie Lynn Crouch
• 金额: $ 7.45万
• 依托单位: NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-31 至 2007-08-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7017571
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; aggression; angers; awareness; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; child abuse; child behavior; clinical research; conditioning; cryings; decision making; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; injury prevention; neural information processing; parent offspring interaction; psychological stressor; racial /ethnic difference; social psychology; stimulus /response; violence prevention

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant's abstract): Statement of the Problem: Recent theorizing suggests that automatic accessibility of hostility-related schema (which occurs without intention or awareness) may increase risk for child physical abuse (CPA). If so, strategies for altering information processing activities, which are not part of most intervention strategies, may be needed to augment the effectiveness of programs designed to prevent CPA. Purpose: The overarching goal of this research is to inform prevention efforts by advancing our understanding of information processing mechanisms (e.g., automatic accessibility of hostility-related schema following exposure to an ambiguous or crying child) associated with CPA risk. Specific Aims: To examine whether hostility-related schema are automatically accessible among parents who are at high-risk for CPA. Hypothesis #1. During a lexical decision-making task, high-, compared to low-risk for CPA parents will have shorter latencies for hostility-related words. Hypothesis #2: During a lexical decision-making task, latencies for hostility-related words will be shorter for high-, compared to low-risk, for CPA parents after viewing a quiet and crying child, but not after viewing a smiling child. Methods: The proposed study is the first to use a lexical decision-making task to examine accessibility of hostility-related schema in high-risk for CPA parents. Differences between high- and low-risk parents in their latencies to respond to hostility-related words will be assessed using a 2 (CPA risk; high, low) x 3 (context; quiet, smiling, crying child) analysis of variance with repeated measures on the second factor. Implications: Knowledge generated from this study is expected to inform CPA prevention practices by suggesting potential targets for prevention efforts (e.g., automatic information processes, hostility-related schema). This study seeks to promote attainment of Healthy People 2010 goals to reduce child maltreatment (15- 33a) and related fatalities (15-33b) as well as promote CDC's interest in advancing research that promotes effective prevention of child abuse.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：问题的陈述：最近的理论表明，自动访问的忠诚相关的模式（发生没有意图或意识）可能会增加儿童身体虐待（CPA）的风险。如果是这样的话，改变信息处理活动的策略，这不是大多数干预策略的一部分，可能需要增加旨在防止CPA的程序的有效性。 目的：这项研究的总体目标是通过促进我们对信息处理机制的理解（例如，与CPA风险相关的认知相关图式的自动可及性）。 具体目的：探讨CPA高危人群的父母是否能自动获得与生育相关的图式。假设#1。在词汇决策任务中，与低风险CPA父母相比，高风险CPA父母对与词汇相关的词的认知时间更短。假设#2：在词汇决策任务中，与低风险相比，CPA父母在看到一个安静和哭泣的孩子后，对与诚实相关的单词的等待时间会更短，但在看到一个微笑的孩子后则不会。 研究方法：本研究首次采用词汇决策任务考察了CPA高风险儿童父母的认知图式可及性。将使用2（CPA风险;高，低）x 3（背景;安静，微笑，哭泣的孩子）方差分析评估高风险和低风险父母对与忠诚相关的词的反应的差异，并重复测量第二个因素。 含义：从这项研究中产生的知识预计将通过建议预防工作的潜在目标（例如，自动信息处理、与保密性相关的模式）。这项研究旨在促进实现健康人2010年的目标，以减少虐待儿童（15- 33 a）和相关的死亡（15- 33 b），以及促进疾病预防控制中心在推进研究，促进有效预防虐待儿童的兴趣。

项目成果

Does accessibility of positive and negative schema vary by child physical abuse risk?

积极和消极图式的可及性是否因儿童身体虐待风险而异？

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.05.005
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Child abuse & neglect
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Crouch,JulieL;Risser,HeatherJ;Skowronski,JohnJ;Milner,JoelS;Farc,MagdalenaM;Irwin,LaurenM
• 通讯作者: Irwin,LaurenM