Epidemiology & Intervention Research for Tobacco Control

描述(由申请人提供)： 世界低收入和中等收入国家面临着日益严重的烟草使用流行病对公共卫生的威胁。迫切需要强有力的以证据为基础的项目来促进烟草控制。然而，很少有欠发达国家拥有足够的烟草控制研究基础设施或能力，而且这类研究的资金可能得不到或极其有限。这项申请建立在彭博公共卫生学院全球烟草控制研究所已经建立的牢固伙伴关系的基础上，并制定了在亚洲和拉丁美洲加强烟草控制研究和能力建设的战略。总体目标是培训烟草控制研究人员，他们能够单独和合作开展烟草控制研究，并利用证据实施有效的干预措施，从而导致政策和行为的变化。该计划的核心内容将包括对各地区控烟领导人的深入培训、地区培训以及与政策相关的流行病学和干预研究。现有的研究人员将在约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院接受深入培训，使他们不仅具备必要的研究能力，而且还了解烟草控制证据与有效政策之间的关系。区域培训讲习班将侧重于关键的区域需求，并帮助在国家内部和国家之间建立一个烟草控制专家网络，这些专家可以制定和执行合作研究项目。将通过与各区域的利益攸关方团体和政策制定者的互动来确定研究需求。在最初一年，研究项目是基于通过先前的合作确定为与政策相关的研究需求而提出的。在巴西，与国家癌症研究所合作，提议开展一项关于烟草使用和烟草相关知识、态度和行为的全国调查。在中国，拟议的研究工作是一项社区干预试验，重点是与中国预防医学研究院共同创建无烟家庭。在墨西哥，该研究所计划与其合作伙伴国家公共卫生研究所合作，估计吸烟导致的发病率和死亡率以及相关成本。其他项目将由研究助理开发，并由这笔赠款提供资金支持。我们的伙伴机构处于有利地位，可以支持这一项目。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The low and middle-income countries of the world face a rising threat to public health from the rapidly escalating epidemic of tobacco use. Strong evidence based programs are urgently needed to promote tobacco control. However, few less developed countries have sufficient infrastructure or capacity for tobacco control research, and funding for such research may be unavailable or extremely limited. This application builds on the strong partnerships already established by the Institute for Global Tobacco Control of the Bloomberg School of Public Health and sets out a strategy for enhanced tobacco control research and capacity building in Asia and Latin America. The overall goal is to train tobacco control researchers who can work individually and collaboratively to carry out tobacco control research and use the evidence to implement effective interventions that will result in policy and behavioral change. The core elements of the program will include in-depth training of tobacco control leaders in the regions, regional training and policy relevant epidemiologic and intervention research. Established researchers will receive in-depth training at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health to equip them not only with needed research competencies but also with an understanding of the relationship between tobacco control evidence and effective policy. Regional training workshops will focus on key regional needs and help to establish a network of tobacco control experts within and between countries who can develop and implement collaborative research projects. Research needs will be established through interactions with stakeholder groups and policy makers in each region. For the initial year, research projects are proposed based on research needs identified as policy relevant through prior collaborations. In Brazil, a national survey of tobacco use and tobacco related knowledge, attitudes and behavior is proposed in collaboration with the National Cancer Institute. In China, the proposed research effort is a community intervention trial focusing on the creation of smoke free homes with the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine. In Mexico, the Institute plans to work with its partner, the National Institute for Public Health, to estimate smoking attributable morbidity and mortality, and associated costs. Additional projects will be developed by research associates and supported with funds from this grant. Our partner institutions are well positioned to sustain this project.