Age 12 Follow-up of Early Preventive Intervention

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究是对679名低收入妇女（89%为非洲裔美国人）及其头胎和后续子女的纵向随访，这些妇女自1988年以来参加了由护士在田纳西州孟菲斯进行的产前和婴儿家访的随机试验。这项研究将在第一个出生的孩子完成六年级时进行，大约在他们12岁生日时。 目前的建议是为了确定是否：a）护士访问的妇女不同于对照组妇女在其生命历程的结果（随后怀孕和生育的次数和间隔;与孩子父亲结婚和同居的比率;他们的就业、职业发展、经济自给自足和福利依赖;以及由于药物滥用而产生的行为问题; B）护士探视妇女的子女在学业成绩、特殊教育安置、年级保持率、在校行为和学业成绩方面与对照组不同;（c）接受过护理的妇女生育的子女中，发育残疾率、留级率、特殊教育安置率和学校纪律处分率较低; e）该方案对儿童结果的影响主要集中在心理资源不足的妇女所生的儿童;（f）该方案对产妇生命进程的影响和政府费用主要集中在心理资源丰富的妇女身上;（g）该方案对存在较大学业和行为问题风险的学校和社区儿童的影响更大; h）该方案对儿童破坏性行为问题的影响可以通过该方案对母亲生命过程、父母照顾质量和儿童顺序处理技能的综合影响来解释，攻击性和暴力主题，对成年人的依赖，以及在早期评估中对麦克阿瑟故事干电池的反应中的故事不连贯性。数据将来自母亲的采访和国家行政和学校记录的审查。这项试验的结果将为政策制定者提供一个估计，当它在接近现实生活的条件下进行时，该计划可能产生的长期影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is a longitudinal follow-up of 679 low-income women (89% African American) and their firstborn and subsequent children who have participated in a randomized trial of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses in Memphis, Tennessee since 1988. The study will be conducted when the first-born children complete sixth grade, at around their 12th birthday. The current proposal is designed to determine whether: a) nurse-visited women differ from comparison group women in their life-course outcomes (the number and spacing of subsequent pregnancies and births; the rates of marriage and cohabitation with the father of the child; their employment, career growth, economic self-sufficiency, and welfare dependence; and behavioral problems due to substance abuse; arrests for serious misdemeanors and felonies); b) children of nurse-visited women differ from comparison-children in their academic achievement, placements in special education, rates of grade retention, conduct in school, and academic achievement; c) there are lower rates of developmental disability, grade retention, placement in special education, and school disciplinary actions among subsequent children born to nurse-visited women; d) nurse-visited families have fewer government expenditures and higher taxes paid; e) the effects of the program on child outcomes are concentrated on children born to women with low psychological resources; f) the effects of the program on maternal life course and government costs are concentrated on women with high psychological resources; g) the effects of the program on children are greater in schools and neighborhoods that contain greater risks for academic and behavioral problems; h) the effect of the program on children's disruptive behavior problems is explained by the combined effects of the program on maternal life-course, qualities of parental care-giving, and children's sequential processing skills, and aggressive and violent themes, reliance on adults, and story incoherence in their responses to the McArthur Story Stem Battery at earlier assessments. Data will be derived from maternal interviews and reviews of state administrative and school records. Results from this trial will provide policy makers with an estimate of likely long-term effects of this program when it is conducted in close to real-life conditions.