Life Cycle and Material Resource Impacts of Improved Thermoactive Geostructures

在同一时期内，大量的新建筑（“据估计，到2031年需要建造350万套新房，以适应英国人口预计增长5.5%的需求，”第3页）将产生大量的隐含温室气体排放。与建筑物和基础设施所用材料的运输和生产有关的温室气体排放可以通过减少材料和优化设计、再利用以及用低碳、零碳或碳螯合材料替代来减少。从现在到2050年，减少并最终消除运营和隐含排放至关重要。随着电力资源的可再生性越来越强，建筑物向电加热的过渡（而不是现场使用石油或天然气）将减少供暖的温室气体强度。[Case在SaFEGround项目的前提下，即“先进热泵技术与地面和热活性地质结构（TAG）的热容量的组合使用可以显著降低系统成本、运营费用、减少排放并提高英国电力系统在深度脱碳情景中的稳定性”，以及在运营脱碳的同时实现减排的需要，该项目将探索由GSHPs和TAGS引入的稳定和存储能力的机会，以支持建筑物、社区和城市规模的供暖系统外部的隐含碳减少。此外，它还将探索机会，使旨在增加GSHPs和TAG的广泛部署的政策与旨在减少建筑物和基础设施中隐含碳的政策保持一致和共同设计。此外，该项目将使用生命周期分析，在城市和国家规模的能源需求和物质资源流动的背景下，对英国的TAG进行全面的影响评估。此外，本研究将评估改进的TAG的材料资源强度，TAG中的材料和技术创新对环境的影响，这些创新来自对矿物和材料的需求，以及施工阶段的能源使用和排放，此外还将评估改进的TAG的材料资源强度。该项目的预期成果是：（1）制定改进的TAGS的LCA（2）了解材料来源，需求和供应链分析（3）链接到：对熟练劳动力和劳动力发展的需求，土地使用的影响，转向依赖本地和分散的能源和储存的长期影响，以及（4）评估/提出材料和技术创新与建筑部门脱碳政策和倡议、城市和国家脱碳目标以及气候承诺相一致的可能性。

Within the same time period, significant new construction ("It is estimated that 3.5M new houses need to be built by 2031 to accommodate an expected 5.5% increase in the UK's population," p.3) stands to create large quantities of embodied GHG emissions. Embodied emissions related to the transport and production of materials used in buildings and infrastructure can be reduced through material reduction and optimization in design, reuse, and replacement with low-carbon, zero carbon, or carbon-sequestering materials. Between now and 2050 it will be critical to reduce and eventually eliminate both operational and embodied emissions. As electricity sources become heavily renewable, the transition to electric heating for buildings (rather than onsite use of oil or gas) will reduce the GHG intensity of heating. [Case for GSHPs]Building on the premise of the SaFEGround project-that "the combined use of advanced heat-pump technologies and of the thermal capacity of the ground and thermo-active geostructures (TAGs) can markedly reduce system costs, operating expenses, reduce emissions, and improve the stability of the UK power system in deep decarbonisation scenarios"-and the need for embodied emissions reductions in tandem with operational decarbonisation, the project will explore opportunities for the stabilisation and storage capabilities introduced by GSHPs and TAGS to support embodied carbon reduction external to the heating system-at the scale of the building, neighborhood, and city. Also, it will explore opportunities to align and co-design policies aimed at increasing widespread deployment of GSHPs and TAGs with policies aimed at reducing embodied carbon in buildings and infrastructure. Moreover, the project will use Life Cycle Analysis to make a holistic impact assessment of TAGs in the UK in the context of city and national scale energy needs and material resource flows. Also, this study will evaluate the material resource intensity of improved TAGs, environmental impacts of material and technological innovations in TAGs resulting from demand for minerals and materials, as well as energy use and emissions resulting from the construction stage, in addition to the evaluation of the material resources intensity of improved TAGs. The expected outcomes of the project are: (1) Develop LCA of improved TAGS (2) Understand material sources, demand, and supply chain analysis (3) Link above to: need for skilled labor and workforce development, land use impacts, long-term impacts of shifting reliance toward local and decentralised energy sources and storage and (4) Evaluate/suggest possibilities for alignment of material and technological innovations with building sector decarbonization policies and initiatives, city and national decarbonization goals, and climate commitments.