Black hole outbursts and major mergers in galaxy clusters

星系团由数百个星系组成，这些星系镶嵌在一个巨大的暗物质晕和一个发出X射线的炎热稀薄的大气层中。热气大气层捕获了这些星系团生命中重大进化事件的能量，例如从中心超大质量黑洞喷发出来的能量，以及与邻近星系团的大规模合并。这种能量通过巨大的激波、冷锋、巨大的空穴、声波和湍流涡流消散，这些都印刻在炎热的大气中。NASA的钱德拉X射线卫星的亚反正秒空间分辨率可以解析这些详细结构的性质，甚至可以探测到附近星系中超大质量黑洞引力捕获的气体。然后，ALMA亚毫米天文台通过绘制整个宇宙中形成恒星的冷气体云的结构，揭示了这些高能事件对星系增长的影响。这个项目将结合钱德拉对黑洞活动和合并的观测，以及ALMA对宿主星系中冷气流动的观测，以了解这些机制如何在宇宙时间内改变星系。

Galaxy clusters consist of hundreds of galaxies embedded in a massive dark matter halo and a hot, diluteatmosphere that emits X-rays. The hot gas atmosphere captures the energy from major evolutionaryevents in the lives of these clusters, such as jetted outbursts from their central supermassive black holeand massive mergers with neighbouring clusters. This energy is dissipated through vast shocks, cold fronts,giant cavities, sound waves and turbulent eddies, which are imprinted on the hot atmosphere. The subarcsecond spatial resolution of NASA's Chandra X-ray satellite can resolve the properties of thesedetailed structures, and even probe the gas gravitationally captured by the supermassive black hole in nearby galaxies. The ALMA sub-mm observatory then reveals the impact of these energetic events on galaxy growth by mapping the structure of star-forming cold gas clouds throughout the universe. This project will combine Chandra observations of black hole activity and mergers with ALMA observations of cold gas flows in the host galaxies to understand how these mechanisms transform galaxies over cosmic time.