Idealising Labour from Deloney to Milton

对于现代早期的许多思想家来说，资本主义、官僚主义和日益机械化的工业的出现引发了人们如何在激进的变革中找到尊严、安全和工作价值的问题。随着劳动中心从乡村向城市、从行会向个体企业的转移，人们不仅要思考什么是劳动，而且要思考什么应该是劳动。我的项目将通过追踪16世纪90年代至17世纪60年代四个文学案例中理想化劳动的各种起源--历史的、神学的、伦理政治的--来解决这个问题。我用“理想化的劳动”这个词来描述作家如何将工作理想化，而是他们如何使用想象文学来探索工作可能是什么。我的论文将是第一个详细的，全面的研究，这种情况下，在这一时期。我将用一系列相关的问题来探讨我的主要文本：理想的工作场所是如何想象出来的？正在开展哪些类型的工作？理想化的劳动体现在个人、特定性别、家庭、社区、国家中吗？劳动个体如何适应更广泛的社会经济企业？课文中关于劳动分工是怎么说的？技术和自动化如何影响工作？关于工作和技术的乐观和悲观的文本在哪里？哪里有工作的自豪感、尊严和满足感？

For many thinkers in the early modern period, the emergence of capitalism, bureaucracy, and increasingly mechanised industry prompted questions about how people were to find dignity, security, and value in work in the light of radical change. The growing shift from the country to the city as the centre of labour, and from the guilds to individual enterprise, brought with it an interrogation not just of what work is, but of what work should be.My project will address this question by tracing various imaginings of idealised labour - historical, theological, ethical-political - across four literary case studies between the 1590s and 1660s. I use the term 'idealised labour' to describe not how writers idealise work, but how they use imaginative literature to explore what workmight be. My thesis will be the first detailed, full-length study of such imaginingsin this period. I will approach my primary texts with a set of related questions: how are ideal workplaces imagined? What types of work are being carried out?Does idealised labour manifest inindividuals, specific genders, families, communities,ornations? How doesthe labouring individual fit within broader socio-economic enterprises?What does the text say about the division of labour? How is technology and automation shown to affect work? Where is the text optimistic and pessimistic about work and technology? Where is there pride, dignity, and satisfaction in work?