Negotiating Algerian Postcolonial and Transcolonial Identities through Imagining Palestine, 1962-1978

我的项目将调查阿尔及利亚后殖民时代声援巴勒斯坦事业的社会、情感和代表性作用。正如巴勒斯坦裔美国人后殖民学者爱德华·赛义德（Edward Said）在1979年概述的那样，巴勒斯坦人在非殖民化时代的斗争情况赋予了它一种代表性，成为“反对社会不公正的斗争”的非领土化的“象征”。尽管阿尔及利亚对殖民社会定居者的暴力拒绝与巴勒斯坦事业的自我概念化之间存在明显的讽喻性比较——巴解组织对法诺反殖民民族主义的意识形态认同证明了这一点，并将FLN作为成功的游击抵抗运动的案例研究——但很少有史学重点致力于巴勒斯坦团结在早期后殖民阿尔及利亚社会中的社会功能。埃文斯和菲利普斯在本·贝拉和鲍姆卡丹政权（1962-78）统治下的不结盟运动团结网络方面的有影响力的工作，突出了当代对“第三世界”或全球南南合作的乐观主义，认为这是后殖民问题的真正解决方案——得到了普通民众的支持，这些民众受到“殖民主义时期被排斥的记忆”的制约，从而培养了对社会正义的承诺。奥利维亚·哈里森（Olivia Harrison）对北非知识分子对巴勒斯坦的想象的文学分析，开始将巴勒斯坦人的团结置于这种环境中，挑战了马格里布人对以色列的批评是基于阿拉伯和犹太种族不相容的殖民观念的普遍假设，突出了这种假定的二元性的多孔性。然而，很少有人明确关注阿尔及利亚人对巴勒斯坦的想象与犹太人社区的社会记忆是如何交叉的，犹太人社区在非殖民化后大部分移民到了法国。受当地北非犹太历史的影响，如Boum Aoumar的《缺席的记忆》和Joëlle Bahloul的《记忆的建筑》，我将通过口头采访调查阿尔及利亚穆斯林如何通过想象以色列-巴勒斯坦冲突，特别是在历史上有重要犹太人存在的地区，重新表达殖民时代犹太人的概念，从阿尔及利亚的“土著”中提升出来。在关注地方叙事时，我希望引出泛阿拉伯主义、犹太复国主义和反殖民意识形态的更广泛的全球和跨国影响是如何被用来谈判当地的社会、文化和宗教身份的。玛格丽特·罗林德（Marguerite Rollinde）对摩洛哥镇压“铅年”（1956-1999）期间巴勒斯坦知识分子和艺术表现的探索，突出了巴勒斯坦强迫失踪和政治镇压的叙述如何成为对摩洛哥政权持不同意见和反对意见的秘密表达。受Jankowski和McDougall的影响，我质疑后殖民阿拉伯-穆斯林民族主义模式的解放和统一承诺，我同样会寻求阿尔及利亚对诸如六日战争（1967）等事件的细微反应，探索流离失所和被剥夺的叙述的共鸣，而不是假设自然的泛阿拉伯政治关系。阿尔及利亚定居者殖民主义历史的特殊性在多大程度上导致了对巴勒斯坦人的被剥夺叙述的认同？此外，这种认同如何塑造阿尔及利亚人对后殖民空间、流动性、种族二元和殖民生活历史记忆的概念？最终，该项目将通过突出阿尔及利亚尚未探索的后殖民社会认同途径，同时也将当代政治动态历史化，特别是阿尔及利亚民众反对与以色列正常化的重要性，从而为该领域做出贡献。

My project will investigate the social, emotional and representiative roles of solidarity with the Palestinian cause in the immediate postcolonial era in Algeria. As Palestinian-American postcolonial scholar Edward Said outlined in 1979, the situation of the Palestinian struggle within an era of decolonisation ascribes it a representative quality, becoming a deterritorialised 'symbol' for 'the struggle against social injustice'. Despite clear allegorical comparisons between Algeria's violent rejection of settler colonial society and self-conceptualisations of the Palestinian cause - evidenced by the PLO's ideological identification with Fanonian anticolonial nationalism, and its use of the FLN as a case study of a successful guerrilla resistance movement - little historiographical focus has been dedicated to the social functions of Palestinian solidarity within early postcolonial Algerian society. Evans and Phillips' influential work on the networks of solidarity in the non-Aligned movement under the Ben Bella and Boumédiène regimes (1962-78) highlights the contemporary optimism of 'Third World', or global South-South cooperation as a veritable solution to the postcolonial question - supported by an ordinary populace conditioned by 'memories of exclusion under colonialism' that fostered a commitment to social justice. Olivia Harrison's literary analysis of North African intellectual imaginings of Palestine has begun to situate Palestinian solidarity within this milieu, challenging the prevailing assumption that Maghrebi criticism of Israel was predicated on colonial notions of Arab and Jewish ethnic incompatibility, highlighting the porosity of this supposed binary. However, little explicit attention has been paid to how Algerian imaginings of Palestine intersect with social memory of Jewish communities, having largely migrated to France following decolonisation. Taking influence from local North African Jewish histories, such as Boum Aoumar's Memories of Absence and Joëlle Bahloul's Architecture of Memory, I will investigate through oral interviews how Muslim Algerians rearticulated colonial-era conceptions of Jewishness as elevated from Algerian 'indigeneity' through imagining the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, particularly in regions with significant historical Jewish presence. In focussing on local narratives, I would hope to elicit how the broader global and transnational influences of pan-Arabism, Zionism and anticolonial ideologies were used to negotiate local social, cultural and religious identities. Marguerite Rollinde's exploration of intellectual and artistic representations of Palestine during Morocco's repressive 'Lead Years' (1956-1999) highlights how narratives of forced disappearances and political repression in Palestine took on a life of their own as a covert expression of dissent and opposition to the Moroccan regime. Taking influence from Jankowski and McDougall in questioning the emancipatory and unifying promises of the postcolonial Arabo-Muslim nationalist model, I would similarly seek to nuance Algerian responses to events such as the Six-Day War (1967), exploring the resonance of narratives of displacement and disposession beyond presuming a natural pan-Arab political affiliation. To what extent were the particularities of Algeria's history of settler colonialism responsible for identification with Palestinian narratives of dispossession? Furthermore, how did this identification shape Algerian conceptions of postcolonial space, mobility, ethnic binaries, and historical memory of colonial life? Ultimately, this project would contribute to the field by highlighting an as-yet unexplored avenue of postcolonial social identification in Algeria, whilst also historicising contemporary political dynamics - particularly the significance of Algerian popular opposition to normalisation with Israel.