WASHed in stereotypes: A rigorous and critical systematic review of key gendered claims in the water sector in LMICs

自1992年《都柏林声明》以来，在过去30年里，LMIC的水和卫生干预措施不仅开始认识到妇女在提供洗涤服务方面的作用，而且不幸的是，仍然充斥着笼统的口号，没有考虑到不同社区及其性别需求的异质性、背景和复杂性。这导致了扭曲的洗涤政策，加剧了性别差距，保留了无益的性别角色和关系，增加了工作负担，并最终导致洗涤系统的失败。因此，研究挑战是确定和调查关键的性别知识主张的影响，并产生证据，以便更好地将性别问题纳入清洁卫生政策，而不仅仅是象征性的配额代表。项目将首先进行严格和关键的系统审查，不仅是综合数据，还将对结果进行批判性分析，并为下一阶段的实证研究提供方向。下一阶段将采用参与式方法，社区将被视为知识的贡献者，并将探索横向行走、标语写作、纪录片制作等创新方法。关键影响将是促进关于改善洗澡服务提供和性别平等的文献和话语，并向倡导者、实践者和政策制定者提供基于证据的建议，说明如何从象征性转向转型。此外，它将直接引起人们对反映多样性和复杂性的社区声音和故事的关注，为这一主题的未来研究提供方向，并激励研究人员和从业人员从事参与性研究，采用更具创造性的方法。

The water and sanitation interventions in LMICs for the last three decades, since the Dublin statement in 1992, not only started recognizing women's role in WASH service delivery, but unfortunately remain riddled with generalized slogans that don't take into consideration the heterogeneity, context and complexities of different communities and their gendered needs. This leads to skewed WASH policies that elevate gender disparities, retain unhelpful gender roles and relations, increase work burdens and ultimately lead to failure of WASH systems. The research challenge is thus to identify and investigate the implications of key gendered knowledge claims, and generate evidence towards better incorporating gender into WASH policy that goes beyond tokenism of quota representation.The project will be carried out first with a rigorous and critical systematic review that will go beyond synthesizing data and critically analyse the findings and provide direction for the next phase of empirical research. This next phase will adopt participatory-based approach where community will be recognized as contributors of knowledge and innovative methods like transect walks, slogan writing, documentary-filmmaking would be explored.The key impact would be contributing to the literature and discourse on improving WASH service delivery and gender equality, and provide evidence-based recommendations to advocates, practitioners and policymakers on ways to move from tokenism to transformation. In addition, it would bring spotlight directly to community voices and stories that reflect diversity and complexity, provide direction to future research in this subject and inspire researchers and practitioners to engage in participatory research engaging in more creative methods.