Nanoparticle-Based Optical Sensor for Glucose Monitoring

描述(由申请人提供)： 糖尿病是一种代谢性疾病，目前在美国约有1600万人，全球有1亿人。在美国，糖尿病及其相关并发症是第七大死因。有效的糖尿病管理需要定期测量血糖，而血糖传感技术的改进将使糖尿病患者能够得到更好的护理和调节。 本研究项目的重点是开发和表征一种基于纳米微粒的微创光学传感器，用于皮下组织间质液中的经皮血糖监测。传感器植入物通过改变其光散射特性(浊度)来响应间质葡萄糖水平的变化，这些特性是通过非侵入性低相干干涉法检测到的。已经进行了重要的长期性能测试，证明传感器的葡萄糖识别元件--葡萄糖敏感蛋白刀豆球蛋白A在体温下保持必要的功能超过一年。这些稳定性测试数据与增强的干涉测量信号的特异性相结合，将确保亲和力传感器在多个月内的可靠和准确的性能。 我们计划彻底评估纳米颗粒在传感器的葡萄糖依赖的浊度放大中的作用。该传感器将被特别设计为在生理血糖范围内产生显著的光散射变化。研制的传感器将在体外进行测试，并在大鼠模型上进行初步的体内测试。这项研究的预期结果将是一种小型化的、生物兼容的浊度传感器植入物的原型，其光散射特性将根据间质液体中葡萄糖的浓度发生显著变化。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease which currently afflicts some 16 million in the US and 100 million people worldwide. In the US, diabetes and its associated complications are the seventh leading cause of death. Effective management of diabetes requires regular measurement of blood sugar, and improvements in glucose sensing technology will enable superior care and regulation of diabetic blood sugar. The focus of this research project is to develop and characterize a minimally invasive nanoparticle-based optical sensor for transcutaneous glucose monitoring in interstitial fluid in subdermal skin tissue. The sensor implant responds to changes in interstitial glucose levels by changing its light scattering properties (turbidity) which are detected via non-invasive low-coherence interferometry. Significant long-term performance tests have been conducted demonstrating that the glucose-sensitive protein Concanavalin A, the glucose-recognition element of the sensor, retains necessary functionality at body temperature for over one year. These stability test data combined with enhanced specificity of the interferometry signal will ensure reliable and accurate performance of the affinity sensor over many months. We plan to thoroughly assess the role of nanoparticles in the glucose-dependent turbidity amplification of the sensor. The sensor will be particularly designed to generate a significant change in light scattering over the range of physiological blood sugar. The developed sensor will be tested in vitro and preliminary in vivo in a rat model. The anticipated results of this study will be a miniaturized, biocompatible prototype of a turbidity sensor implant whose light scattering properties change significantly based on the concentration of glucose in interstitial fluid.