Brain Neoplasia and Multiple Quantum Sodium MRI

描述(由申请人提供)： 该项目的主要目的是验证单量子和三量子钠核磁共振作为一种非侵入性的新手段，用于检测与人类大脑中恶性肿瘤的发展相关的肿瘤变化。由于肿瘤性变化先于血管生成和血脑屏障的破坏，因此该技术可以提供一种独立的成像方法，用于检测原本可能发展为恶性肿瘤的无强化组织和/或切除后仍可存活的肿瘤组织。所提出的方法依赖于使用三量子钠核磁共振和单量子钠磁共振来检测有丝分裂前细胞去极化之前细胞内钠含量的增加。由于核分裂活性的增加是肿瘤改变的必要条件，肿瘤组织的发展通常伴随着细胞内钠含量的大幅(400%)变化。这些反过来又导致组织总钠浓度的变化，这些变化在总组织钠浓度图(单量子钠核磁共振)中是清晰可见的，但可能是非特异性的。建议使用的三量子钠过滤，通过忽略细胞外空间中产生的大部分信号贡献，消除了这一限制。多年来，三量子钠核磁共振技术一直被用于评估细胞内空间钠含量的变化。我们的实验室最近介绍了这些技术的成像扩展，并在国立卫生研究院的探索性拨款的主持下，在拟议的病理学的背景下进行了探索。在本申请中，我们建议在执行上述探索性赠款期间所作的几项观察支持的具体假设的背景下，进一步开发这一应用程序。所有拟议的研究都将与匹兹堡大学医学中心的神经肿瘤科和神经外科一起进行，使用匹兹堡癌症研究所提供的一批未接受治疗的脑瘤患者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The main thrust for this project is the validation of single and triple quantum sodium MRI as a non-invasive novel means for the detection of neoplastic changes associated with the development of malignant tumors in the human brain. Because neoplastic changes precede the development of angiogenesis and blood brain barrier breakdown, the proposed technique could provide with an independent imaging approach for detecting non-enhancing tissue that would otherwise develop into a malignant tumor and/or tumor tissue that remains viable after resection. The proposed approach relies on the use of triple and single quantum sodium MRI for the detection of the increase in the intracellular sodium content that precedes cell depolarization prior to mitosis. As increased mitotic activity is a necessary condition for neoplastic changes, the development of tumor tissue is usually accompanied by large (400%) changes in the intracellular sodium content. These, in turn lead to changes in the total tissue sodium concentration that are clearly visible, but potentially nonspecific, in the total tissue sodium concentration maps (single quantum sodium MRI). The proposed use of triple quantum sodium filtration, removes this constraint by neglecting most of the signal contributions arising in the extra-cellular space. Triple quantum sodium NMR techniques have been used for many years for the assessment of the changes in sodium content in the intracellular space. Imaging extensions of these techniques have been recently introduced by our laboratory and explored in the context of the proposed pathology under the auspices of an exploratory grant from the National Institutes of Health. In this application, we proposed to further the development of this application in the context of specific hypotheses that have been supported by several observations made during the execution of the aforementioned exploratory grant. All the proposed studies will be carried out in conjunction with the Departments of Neurooncology and Neurosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center using a pool of treatment-naive brain tumor patients available through the Pittsburgh Cancer Institute.