Photon detection systems for Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers - Darkside-20k and ARIADNE

暗物质和中微子探测共享标准技术和方法，特别是液态氩时间投影室（LArTPCs）和光探测系统。该项目涉及为lartpc开发两种类型的光探测系统；在ARIADNE实验中，用于Darkside-20的硅光电组（sipm）和基于timepixi的相机。利物浦的独特设施致力于开发基于液态氩气的暗物质和中微子实验的先进新技术。为了探测暗物质粒子和中微子，需要大型而灵敏的粒子探测器。lartpc是探测中微子相互作用和暗物质粒子的最佳探测器之一。它们结合了高度精确的量热法和跟踪，能够达到非常大的活性体积。对于DarkSide-20k，研究包括在称为“中子否决”的外部探测器中开发SiPMs；它将包含单相液态氩，还将配备用于捕获中子的钆板。在表征SiPM光检测单元（pdu）时，最大限度地提高其光产量至关重要，因为它们将用于否决和粒子识别。利物浦大学将建造一个900升的低温恒温器来研究pdu的低温特性。ARIADNE实验由位于利物浦大学的1吨双相LArTPC组成。它使用Timepix的新技术来获取由气相光线产生的粒子轨迹的图像。ARIADNE具有摄影能力，可以增强DUNE实验等中微子实验的未来物理潜力。

Dark matter and neutrino detections share standard technologies and methodologies, specifically, Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambres (LArTPCs) and photodetection systems. This project involves the development of 2 types of photodetection systems for LArTPCs; the Silicon Photomutiples (SiPMs) for Darkside-20's veto and the Timepix-based cameras in the ARIADNE experiment. The unique facility at Liverpool is dedicated to the development of progressive new technologies for Liquid Argon based dark matter and neutrino experiments. To detect dark matter particles and neutrinos large and sensitive particle detectors are needed. LArTPCs are some of the best detectors for the detection of neutrino interactions and dark matter particles. They combine highly accurate calorimetry and tracking and are capable of reaching very large active volumes. For DarkSide-20k, the research involves the development of the SiPMs in the outer detector called the "neutron veto"; it will contain single-phase liquid Argon, which will also be equipped with gadolinium panels to capture neutrons. While characterising the SiPM photodetection units (PDUs), it is crucial to maximising their light yield as they will be utilised for vetoing and particle identifications. A 900-litre cryostat will be built at the University of Liverpool to study the cryogenic characterisation of the PDUs.The ARIADNE experiment consists of a 1-ton dual-phase LArTPC situated at the University of Liverpool. It uses the Timepix's novel technology to acquire images of particle tracks created from the light in the gas phase. ARIADNE has photographic capabilities that can enhance the future physics potentials of neutrino experiments such as the DUNE experiment.