Preventing Substance Abuse & Crime in Special Populations

描述(申请人提供)：美国至少有750万智障人士(ID)，多数为轻度残障。在过去的12年里，我们为这些目标人群提供的服务体系发生了转变，不再强调一般智力功能，而是侧重于功能能力和确定智障患者(即精神发育迟滞)个人独立生存所需的最低外部支持。这一运动的意想不到的后果是，许多轻度ID的人陷入困境的风险增加，并且由于缺乏社会能力、意识和社会支持，参与可能导致伤害的行为和活动(例如，药物滥用、犯罪)。缺乏针对青少年和成年人的药物滥用和反社会行为预防计划，这是我国目前服务提供系统中的一个重大差距。拟议的项目将制作一个互动多媒体(IMM)培训计划，向有智力残疾(即轻度和中度智力障碍)的青年和青年传授社会意识和社会能力，帮助他们避免和拒绝参与物质使用、酒精使用或误用，以及犯罪或犯罪行为(R-SAC)。该项目将满足青少年和轻度至中度智障青少年对药物和酒精滥用预防课程和犯罪避免战略的需求第一阶段将开发一个R-SAC计划原型，旨在供具有合法年龄购买和消费酒精的具有ID的年轻男女使用。40名法定年龄的受试者将采用受试者内的前后测试设计，并进行为期两周的跟踪调查。在第二阶段，R-SAC计划将扩大到包括四个目标人群(即未成年男性、未成年女性、法定年龄男性和法定年龄女性)和两个在团体环境中使用的R-SAC DVD计划。完整的第二阶段计划的有效性将在一个大型随机试验中进行测试，并有一个重要的随访期。

DESCRIPTION (provided by Applicant): There are at least 7.5 million people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in the United States, most with mild disabilities. Over the past 12 years our service delivery system for this target population has shifted, moving away from an emphasis on general intellectual functioning, to a classification system focused on functional ability and determination of the minimum external supports necessary for individuals with ID (i.e., mental retardation) to survive on their own. The unintended consequence of this movement is that many individuals with mild ID are at increased risk of falling through the cracks, and due to a lack of social competency, awareness, and social support, becoming involved in behaviors and activities that could result in harm (e.g., substance abuse, crime). The paucity of substance abuse and antisocial behavior prevention programs for youth and adults with ID represents a significant gap in our Nation's current service-delivery system. The proposed project will produce an interactive multimedia (IMM) training program to teach youth and young adults with intellectual disabilities (i.e., mild and moderate mental retardation) social awareness and social competencies to help them avoid and refuse to participate in substance use, alcohol use or misuse, and delinquent or criminal behavior (R-SAC). This project will fill a need for substance and alcohol abuse prevention curricula, and crime avoidance strategies for youth and young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities Phase I will develop a prototype R-SAC program, designed for use by young men and women with ID who are legally old enough to purchase and consume alcohol. A within-subject pre- post-test design with a two- week follow-up will be used with 40 legal age subjects. In Phase II, the R-SAC program will be expanded to include four target populations (i.e., underage males, underage females, legal age males, and legal age females) and two R-SAC DVD programs for use within group settings. The efficacy of the full Phase II program will be tested in a large randomized trial with a significant follow-up period.