Exploratory Center for Vaccinology Research (RMI)

描述（由申请人提供）： 为了响应国家开发，改进和提供疫苗的努力，埃默里大学请求P-20拨款支持疫苗学跨学科研究探索中心（ECIRVE）。疫苗是已知的最具成本效益的预防方法，但由于一系列障碍，疫苗的引进和使用越来越缓慢，包括在确定疫苗候选抗原方面的延误，对保护的人类免疫相关性的不完全理解，对疫苗失败或不良事件的易感性的理解有限，在年幼、年老和免疫功能低下的人中难以产生免疫反应，对设计传染性和非传染性疾病疫苗的最佳战略的定义不完整，疫苗的使用和接受问题，以及疫苗供应和筹资问题。该应用程序的目标是开发一个全面的计划，以更好地将新的定量方法融入疫苗学，并参与多学科科学（遗传学、生物信息学、微生物学和人类免疫学、生物统计学和分析流行病学、行为研究、经济学、群体生物学、临床医学和工程学）在解决疫苗开发、安全性和不良事件中的重大和复杂问题方面的作用，生产供应、验收使用。 埃默里大学对疫苗研究做出了特殊的承诺，并吸引或培养了基础疫苗科学（免疫学和分子发病机制），疫苗开发，疫苗试验，疫苗建模，疫苗流行病学和疫苗政策方面的国家领导人。在这项资助的活动中，这一杰出的专业知识将与遗传学、生物信息学、行为科学、经济学、工程学和人口生物学领域的主要领导人和中心相结合，以计划疫苗问题的新解决方案。 第一个目标是建立一个由国家领导人和中心主任组成的多学科科学工作理事会，以制定解决疫苗学问题的新策略。第二个具体目标将探索如何整合新的定量方法（基因组学，蛋白质组学，系统生物学和其他计算方法），用于评估疫苗免疫应答和反应原性，开发更好的动态方法用于疫苗使用建模，并计划疫苗经济评估的综合模型。具体目标将通过强有力的领导结构、多学科科学理事会双周会议、年度研讨会、外部咨询委员会投入和两个相关的试点可行性项目来实现，以1）探索定量方法的设计和局限性，以确定对流感疫苗的适应性和先天免疫应答的分子特征，2）设计流感疫苗政策的新方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to national efforts to develop, improve and deliver vaccines, Emory University requests P-20 grant support for an Exploratory Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Vaccinology (ECIRVE). Vaccines are the most cost-effective prevention known, but the introduction and use of vaccines has become increasingly slowed by a series of obstacles, including delays in identification of candidate antigens for vaccines, incomplete understanding of human immune correlates of protection, limited understanding of the predisposition to vaccine failures or adverse events, difficulty with immune response in the very young, the very old and immunocompromised, incomplete definition of the best strategies for the design of infectious and non-infectious disease vaccines, problems with use and acceptance of vaccines, and problems with vaccine supply and financing. The goals of this application are to develop a comprehensive program to better integrate new quantitative methodologies into vaccinology and to engage multidisciplinary science (genetics, bioinformatics, microbiology and human immunology, biostatistics and analytical epidemiology, behavioral research, economics, population biology, clinical medicine and engineering) in solving significant and complex problems in vaccine development, safety and adverse events, production and supply, acceptance and use. Emory has made an exceptional commitment to vaccine research and has attracted or developed national leaders in basic vaccine sciences (immunology and molecular pathogenesis), vaccine development, vaccine trials, vaccine modeling, vaccine epidemiology and vaccine policy. In the activities of this grant, this outstanding expertise will be combined with key leaders and centers in genetics, bioinformatics, behavioral sciences, economics, engineering, and population biology to plan new solutions to vaccine problems. The first aim will create a multidisciplinary scientific working council of national leaders and center directors to develop novel strategies for problem-solving in vaccinology. The second specific aim will explore how to integrate new quantitative methodologies (genomics, proteomics, systems biology and other computational methodologies) for assessment of vaccine immune responses and reactogenicity, develop better dynamic methods for modeling of vaccine use, and plan integrative models for economic assessment of vaccines. The specific aims will be accomplished through a strong leadership structure, bi-weekly meetings of the multidisciplinary scientific council, yearly workshops; external advisory committee input; and two linked pilot feasibility projects to 1) explore the design and limitations of quantitative methodologies to define molecular signatures of adaptive and innate immune responses to influenza vaccines, and 2) design novel approaches to influenza vaccine policy.