Human Trafficking and Legal Culture in Latin America: A nested socio-legal comparative study

这一研究项目将从区域和比较的角度全面探讨拉丁美洲打击贩运规定的细微差别和解释。通过法律文化的视角，该项目将确定反贩运法律的模式和趋势，并结合创造意义的因素进行分析。为了发展对拉丁美洲人口贩运的当代语境的理解，如法律文化所构建和塑造的，本研究项目将解决核心研究问题：拉丁美洲国家的法律文化如何塑造理解、驯化、以及反人口贩运法律的适用？这项研究将解决三个子问题：1.国际禁止人口贩运如何在拉丁美洲被纳入国内？2.法律文化如何影响拉丁美洲反人口贩运条款的设计和应用？3.哪些其他因素影响了拉丁美洲反人口贩运条款的设计和应用？该项目将采用混合方法嵌套分析，在三个尺度上运作：全球、区域和国家。该项目将被分成代表这些不同尺度的三个研究流，每个尺度的学习将为其他尺度的分析提供信息和改革分析。1.全球次级数据分析将利用与反贩运禁令的本土化有关的新的和已建立的国际量化数据集。这包括全球奴隶制指数(自由行走基金会)和国内立法中的反奴隶制(Schwarz&Allain，2020)等数据集。这一趋势将确定与政治、历史、经济和文化背景有关的潜在解释因素，以形成统计分析与反人口贩运法律设计和实施有关的因素的量化证据基础。2.区域理论和经验分析将考虑拉丁美洲的区域法律背景，询问国际反贩运规范在美洲人权法中的翻译情况。将采用理论和定性方法，通过法律文化的视角审查美洲委员会和国际法院面前的法律文本和案例，力求了解法律设计和解释所依据的背景意义形成因素。区域法律分析还将包括对整个拉丁美洲的反贩运法律进行比较审议，在研究流(1)提供的审讯中纳入更多的定量和定性证据，并考虑区域制度与国内法之间的相互作用。3.两个拉丁美洲国家的国家案例研究将仔细审查背景下的法律文化，以及这种文化如何影响反人口贩运法律的设计和实施。国家案例研究--将根据初步数据分析驱动的已确定的案例选择框架进行选择--将确定并绘制法律制度的意义产生因素、特征以及基本价值和原则，以了解它们如何影响反人口贩运法律。主要数据收集预计将包括与政策制定者和从业人员的半结构化关键信息提供人访谈和调查，但也可能采用其他定性和混合方法。

This research project will comprehensively address the nuances and interpretations of anti-trafficking provisions in Latin America in regional and comparative perspective. Through the lens of legal culture, the project will identify patterns and trends in anti-trafficking laws, analysed in conjunction with meaning-making factors. To develop a contemporary contextual understanding of human trafficking in Latin America as constructed and shaped by legal culture, this research project will address the core research question: How have legal cultures in Latin American countries shaped the understanding, domestication, and application of the anti-trafficking laws?This research will address three sub-questions:1. How has the international prohibition of trafficking been domesticated in Latin America?2. How have legal cultures shaped the design and application of anti-trafficking provisions in Latin America?3. What other factors have shaped the design and application of anti-trafficking provisions in Latin America?The project will employ a mixed methods nested analysis operating at three scales: global, regional, and national. The project will be divided into three research streams representing these different scales, with learnings from each scale informing and reforming analysis across the others. 1. Global secondary data analysis will take advantage of new and established international quantitative datasets relevant to the domestication of the anti-trafficking prohibition. This includes datasets such as the Global Slavery Index (Walk Free Foundation) and the Antislavery in Domestic Legislation (Schwarz & Allain, 2020) and others. This stream will identify potential explanatory factors linked to political, historical, economic, and cultural contexts, to form a quantitative evidence base for statistical analysis of factors related to the design and implementation of anti-trafficking laws. 2. Regional doctrinal and empirical analysis will consider the regional legal context of Latin America, interrogating the translation of international anti-trafficking norms in Inter-American human rights law. Doctrinal and qualitative methods will be employed to examine legal texts and cases before both the Inter-American Commission and the Court through the lens of legal culture, seeking to understand the contextual meaning-making factors underpinning the law's design and interpretation. Regional legal analysis will also include comparative consideration of anti-trafficking law across Latin America, drawing additional quantitative and qualitative evidence into the interrogation delivered in research stream (1) and considering the interplay between the regional system and domestic laws. 3. National case studies in two Latin American countries will deliver a close examination of legal culture in context, and how this shapes the design and implementation of anti-trafficking laws. The national case studies-to be selected based on a defined case selection framework driven by preliminary data analysis-will identify and map meaning-making factors, characteristics, and underlying values and principles of the legal system to understand how they shape anti-trafficking laws. Primary data collection is expected to include semi-structured key informant interviews and surveys with policymakers and practitioners but may also employ other qualitative and mixed methods.