Child-Led Participation Measurement: Collaboratively producing an Index of Participation

至少自1990年出版《建构与重建童年》及其引入“新范式”以来，社会研究已经承认儿童是其社会世界的积极建构者，这是值得研究的（詹姆斯和普劳特，2015）。第二年，联合国儿童权利公约（UNCRC，1989年）被英国政府批准。《联合国儿童权利公约》（1989年）第12条和第13条正式承认儿童有权就影响到他们的事项发表意见，重要的是，这些意见应得到听取意见的成年人或机构的适当重视。尽管取得了这些进展，但研究一直表明，英国儿童和青少年的生活在他们就影响他们的事项发表意见的权利方面几乎没有变化（安德森和格雷厄姆，2016年）。布拉德韦尔，2019年）。自《联合国儿童权利公约》批准以来，有关儿童权利的政策发展也很少，有关儿童的法律的许多发展被认为是限制性和惩罚性的，因此与James和Prout（2015年）以及《联合国儿童权利公约》（1989年）所提倡的赋权和代理的言论相反（Such和步行者，2005年）。

Since at least the 1990 publication of "Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood" and its introduction of a "new paradigm", it has been acknowledged in social research that children are active constructors of their social worlds which are worthy of study (James and Prout, 2015). The next year, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child was ratified by the UK government (UNCRC, 1989). Articles 12 and 13 of the UNCRC (1989) formally acknowledged the right of children to share their views on matters which affect them and, importantly, have those views given due weight by the adults or institutions that hear them. Despite these developments, research has consistently demonstrated that there have been few changes in the lives of children and young people in the UK with regard to their right to have input on matters which affect them (Anderson and Graham, 2016. Bradwell, 2019). There has also been very little policy development in the years since the ratification of the UNCRC concerning children's rights, with much of the developments in law concerning children argued to be limiting and punitive and thus contrary to the rhetoric of empowerment and agency that is promoted by James and Prout (2015) and the UNCRC (1989) (Such and Walker, 2005).