A Numerical Analysis on the Large-Scale Vortices of Jupiter's Polar Regions

木星大气层中迷人的风，以沿其赤道地区流动的标志性东西带为特征，长期以来一直吸引着研究人员。这些带的起源被很好地理解为木星强烈的纬向风急流造成的。美国国家航空航天局朱诺号航天器最近拍摄的图像显示，在木星的极地地区出现了壮观的气旋，这些气旋规模巨大，寿命长，并以五到八个涡团的形式美丽地排列在两极的一个较大的涡旋周围。尽管如此，这些气旋的起源在很大程度上仍然是一个谜，激发了广泛的国际研究。该项目旨在解释大尺度涡旋(LSV)的形成以及它们如何与木星大气的对流层相互作用。在木星大气层深处，对流和行星自转决定了动力学，这项研究使用了带有Boussinesq动力学的3D旋转湍流Rayleigh-Bénard对流模型。由于动力学是强非线性的，以现有的代码为基础，仿真将在高性能计算设施上运行，以并行处理的方式进行计算。具体地说，研究将使用深度模型来探索在0.01量级的低普朗特数(粘度与热扩散率之比)下LSV的形成。这将允许研究LSV在很长一段时间内的稳定性。

The captivating winds of Jupiter's atmosphere, characterised by the iconic east-west bands flowing along it's equatorial region, have long fascinated researchers. The origins of these bands are well understood to be created by Jupiter's strong zonal wind jets. Recent imagery from the NASA Juno spacecraft has shown spectacular cyclones on the polar regions of Jupiter, vast in size, long-lived, and beautifully arranged in clusters of five to eight vortices around a larger vortex at the poles. Despite the prominence, the origin of these cyclones largely remain a mystery, motivating extensive international research.This project aims to explain the formation of the large-scale vortices (LSVs) and how they interact with the convection layer of the Jovian atmosphere. In the depth of Jupiter's atmosphere, where convection currents and planetary rotation dictate the dynamics, the study employs a 3D rotating turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection model with Boussinesq dynamics. Using existing codes as a basis, the simulations will be run on the high-performance computing facilities to perform the computations with parallel processing, due to the dynamics being strongly non-linear. Specifically, the investigation will employ the deep model to explore the formation of LSVs under a low Prandtl number (the ratio of viscosity to thermal diffusivity) of order 0.01. This will allow for studying the stability of the LSVs over long periods of time.