Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)/Q-Band ENDOR Spectrometer

描述（由申请人提供）：电子顺磁共振（EPR）长期以来一直是生物医学研究中使用的标准光谱学形式。EPR已被用于研究酶、结构蛋白和界面酶、DMA和RNA的功能。超过三分之一的酶，其中许多对人类健康起着关键作用，在催化位点含有过渡金属。EPR在生物学中特别便于探测过渡金属离子活性位点。从催化位点获得的EPR信息对了解酶的反应性及其功能非常重要。结构蛋白和脂质控制着细胞膜的健康和功能。多频饱和恢复（SR） EPR在研究膜和膜结合蛋白方面已经被证明是非常强大的。获得的EPR参数提供了动力学和结构信息。酶与其界面的关系（如脂肪酶和控制骨骼和牙齿形成的蛋白质）以及RNA的三级结构，这是基因表达的组成部分，可以使用位点定向自旋标记来确定。双电子-电子共振（DEER或P-ELDOR）实验允许人们获得关于两个顺磁性物质（如no -标签和过渡金属离子）之间距离的信息。通过这种方法，人们可以确定生物分子（如DNA、RNA或蛋白质）的三维结构及其与环境的关系。电子核双共振是EPR光谱的一种，它提供了围绕顺磁中心的原子核的信息。ENDOR用于在没有晶体结构的情况下确定蛋白质结构，并确定质子（或其他核）的位置，这些质子（或其他核）可能在机制中起关键作用，但难以通过晶体学或EXAFS定位。q波段ENDOR允许原子核以高分辨率定位。替换过时的UW EPR （UW系统中唯一的EPR光谱仪），结合升级到包括多频率SR， DEER和q波段ENDOR功能，将促进美国国立卫生研究院资助的UW （Robinson, Kovacs, Gelb, Atkins, Stayton, Woods, Fang）以及邻近实验室（PNNL （Bowman）和俄勒冈大学（DeRose））的许多研究人员的研究，将太平洋西北地区带入磁共振研究的前沿。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has long been a standard form of spectroscopy used in biomedical research. EPR has been used to study the function of enzymes, structural proteins and enzymes at interfaces, DMA, and RNA. Over one third of all enzymes, many of which play critical roles in human health, contain transition-metals at the catalytic site. EPR is especially convenient for probing transition metal ion active sites in biology. The information obtained from EPR from the catalytic site is very important to understand the reactivity of the enzyme and its function. Structural proteins and lipids control the health and functionality of membranes. Multi-frequency saturation-recovery (SR) EPR has proven very powerful in studying membranes and membrane-bound proteins. The EPR parameters obtained provide information about dynamics and structure. The relation of an enzyme to its interface (such as lipases, and proteins that control bone and teeth formation) as well as the tertiary structure of RNA, which is integral to gene expression, can be determined using site directed spin labeling. Double electron-electron resonance (DEER or P-ELDOR) experiments allow one to obtain information regarding distances separating two paramagnetic species, such as an NO-label and a transition-metal ion. In this way one can determine the context of the three-dimensional structure of a biomolecule such as DNA, RNA, or a protein, and its relation to its environment. ENDOR (electron nuclear double resonance) is a type of EPR spectroscopy that provides information regarding the nuclei surrounding a paramagnetic center. ENDOR is used to determine protein structure in the absence of a crystal structure, and to define the location of protons (or other nuclei) that might play a critical role in mechanism, yet are difficult to locate by crystallography or EXAFS. Q-Band ENDOR allows nuclei to be located with a high resolution. Replacement of the outdated UW EPR (the only EPR spectrometer in the UW system), combined with an upgrade to include multi-frequency SR, DEER, and Q-band ENDOR capabilities, will facilitate the NIH-funded research of a number of investigators at UW (Robinson, Kovacs, Gelb, Atkins, Stayton, Woods, Fang) as well as neighboring labs (PNNL (Bowman), and U. of Oregon (DeRose)) bringing the pacific northwest into the forefront of magnetic resonance research.