Multiple Trajectories in Anxious Solitary Youth

描述（由申请人提供）：本导师职业发展奖的目的是支持候选人发展成为一个独立的研究者，精通多层次，多方法研究焦虑孤独青年（在同龄人中表现出社交焦虑，害羞，孤独行为的青年）的人际关系和内化轨迹。本研究的前提是：(1)童年焦虑孤独（个体脆弱性）的适应意义和发展过程受人际逆境（同伴排斥、受害）的调节；(2)焦虑孤独儿童对同伴逆境的保护和风险受个体、双元和情境（学校环境）因素的调节；(3)同伴逆境预测社会认知和情绪调节轨迹的变化。(4)同伴逆境与内化问题的关系受社会认知和情绪调节过程的中介作用。该研究和培训计划的概念指导是发展精神病理学视角和儿童受环境影响的发展模型。该培训计划将扩展候选人的概念专业知识，使其能够从儿童的行为特征、同伴关系和内化问题扩展到更微观（情绪调节过程）和宏观层面的概念（例如，学校环境、二元关系），从而扩展候选人对精神病理学风险的多层次儿童环境模型的研究能力。方法学培训将使候选人能够通过发展行为观察和生理评估方面的新专业知识，采用多方法方法进行研究。培训将在三个赞助者的密集纵向研究期间完成：Calkins博士（情绪调节，生理方法；主要赞助者），Pianta博士（学校背景）和Rubin博士（焦虑孤独）（三位都有观察方法方面的专业知识）。本研究将采用中等规模的焦虑孤独儿童样本和从最初的三年级筛选中选择的同等数量的匹配对照进行。这些孩子和他们的学校环境将在整个奖励期间每两年进行一次多方法评估。除了这些研究和培训活动之外，候选人的职业发展计划还规定了撰写一系列实证论文，定期发表和会议展示实证工作，参加高级发展座谈会，组织相关的会议专题讨论会，并在奖项的后期阶段起草R01。公共卫生声明：这项研究考察了儿童和环境特征，这些特征区分了受害与非受害的社会焦虑、孤独的青少年。青少年的学校环境，同伴待遇，同伴关系，行为和情感功能将从三年级到七年级进行跟踪。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Mentored Career Development Award is to support the candidate's development as an independent researcher well-versed in multi-level, multi-method study of interpersonal and internalizing trajectories in anxious solitary youth (youth who display socially anxious, shy, solitary behavior among peers). The research premises are that (1) the adaptive significance and developmental course of childhood anxious solitude (individual vulnerability) is moderated by interpersonal adversity (esp. peer exclusion, victimization), (2) protection and risk for peer adversity in anxious solitary children is moderated by individual, dyadic, and contextual (e.g., school environment) factors, (3) peer adversity predicts change in trajectories of social cognition and emotion regulation, (4) the relation between peer adversity and internalizing problems is mediated by social cognitive and emotion regulation processes. The conceptual guides for this research and training plan are a developmental psychopathology perspective and interactional child-by-environment model of development. The training plan will expand the candidate's capability to conduct research on a multi-level child-by-environment model of risk for psychopathology by extending her conceptual expertise beyond children's behavioral characteristics, peer relations, and internalizing problems to include both more micro- (emotion regulation processes) and macro-level concepts (e.g., school environment, dyadic relationships). Methodological training will enable the candidate to take a multi-method approach to her research by developing new expertise with behavioral observation and physiological assessment. Training will be accomplished during an intensive period of longitudinal research with three sponsors: Dr. Calkins (emotion regulation, physiological methodology; primary sponsor), Dr. Pianta (school context), and Dr. Rubin (anxious solitude) (all three have expertise in observational methods). This research will be conducted with a moderately-sized sample of anxious solitary children and an equal number of matched controls selected from an initial 3rd grade screening. These children and their school environments will be the subject of multi- method assessment on a biannual basis throughout the award period. In addition to these research and training activities, the candidate's career development plan specifies writing a series of empirical papers, regular publication and conference-presentation of empirical work, participating in advanced developmental colloquia, organizing relevant conference symposia, and, in the later phases of the award, crafting an R01. Public health statement: This research examines child and environment characteristics that distinguish victimized from non-victimized socially anxious, solitary youth. Youths' school environment, peer treatment, peer relationships, and behavioral and emotional functioning will be followed from 3rd to 7th grade.