Secondary Prevention of Alcohol Dependence and Depression Among College Students

描述(申请人提供)：项目摘要：酒精依赖和严重抑郁是大学生痛苦和残疾的两个主要来源。这些障碍的发展风险分别包括危险饮酒和抑郁症状加剧，这两种症状都是相当大比例的大学生经历的，并使他们面临各种负面的学业和人际关系后果的风险。危险饮酒和抑郁症状的增加不仅增加了酒精依赖和严重抑郁的风险，而且在这些障碍的发展、维持和复发过程中也相互影响。最后，亚临床抑郁症状升高的危险饮酒学生表现出明显的认知动机特征，这些特征可能会影响他们的改变能力。鉴于抑郁症状增加和危险饮酒经常同时出现，在综合干预措施中解决这两个问题有许多好处。目前的项目力求制定一种短期(三届)干预措施，以实现这些目标。具体地说，这项建议旨在：(1)为有这些障碍风险的大学生开发酒精依赖和严重抑郁的综合短期二级预防方法，以及(2)进行试点试验，以确定干预效果的效应量估计。在第一阶段(阶段1A)，将制定干预措施，并在8名表现出轻度至中度抑郁症状的危险饮酒大学生中进行初步测试。在试点试验(阶段1B)中，参与者将被分配到以系统动机咨询为基础的短期干预(Cox&Klinger，2004)或仅限评估的对照条件。酒精结果、抑郁症状和假设的变化过程将在基线、3个月和6个月进行评估。这项工作的结果将为一项随机对照试验提供基础，以检验这一新干预措施预防酒精依赖和严重抑郁症的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: Alcohol dependence and major depression represent two major sources of distress and disability among college students. Risks for the development of these disorders include hazardous drinking and elevated depressive symptoms respectively, both of which are experienced by a large proportion of college students and place them at risk for a variety of negative academic and interpersonal consequences. Hazardous drinking and elevated depressive symptoms not only increase the risk for the development of alcohol dependence and major depression but also have reciprocal influences on one another in the development, maintenance, and recurrence of these disorders. Finally, hazardous drinking students with elevated subclinical depression symptoms exhibit distinct cognitive motivational characteristics that may influence their ability to change. Given the frequent co-occurrence of elevated depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking, there are a number of advantages to addressing both of the issues in an integrated intervention. The current project seeks to develop a short-term (3-session) intervention to address these objectives. Specifically, this proposal seeks to: (1) develop an integrated short-term secondary prevention approach for alcohol dependence and major depression for college students at risk for these disorders, and (2) conduct a pilot trial to determine effect size estimates of the efficacy of the intervention. During the first phase (Stage 1A) the intervention will be developed and pilot tested with 8 hazardous drinking college students who exhibit mild to moderate depressive symptoms. For the pilot trial (Stage1B), participants will be assigned to either a short-term intervention that is based on systematic motivational counseling (Cox & Klinger, 2004) or an Assessment Only control condition. Alcohol outcomes, depressive symptoms, and hypothesized change processes will be assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Results of this work will provide the basis for a randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of this new intervention to prevent the development of alcohol dependence and major depression.