FATTY ACID METABOLISM AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY AFTER EXERCISE IN OBESITY

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。肥胖个体通常会受到许多负面健康参数的困扰，包括胰岛素敏感性受损、糖尿病、高血压和心脏病。体内脂肪过多以及随后血液中脂肪酸含量过高与许多这些健康问题有关。单次锻炼已被证明可以改善肥胖者的胰岛素敏感性。然而，不幸的是，这种改善不如在瘦人身上看到的那么明显。对排除这种差异的机制知之甚少，但可能与脂肪酸可用性、肌内甘油三酯（IMTG）积累和/或热量平衡的差异有关。本应用程序中的项目旨在检查肥胖个体单次耐力运动对全身脂肪酸动员和氧化、IMTG浓度以及骨骼肌中调节这些过程的因子表达的影响。此外，我们将评估这些改变如何与胰岛素信号和胰岛素敏感性的改善相关联。我们还将定义能量平衡在运动和久坐个体之间胰岛素敏感性差异中所起的作用。最后，这些实验将提供对细胞和全身脂肪酸代谢在单次运动中的变化的见解，这可能导致胰岛素敏感性的增强。确定运动如何影响基因表达、全身脂肪酸代谢和胰岛素敏感性之间的关系，可能会改善肥胖及其合并症的治疗和/或预防方法。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obese individuals are typically beset with numerous negative health parameters, including impaired insulin sensitivity, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Excessive body fat and subsequent high availability of fatty acids in the blood have been implicated in many of these health problems. A single session of exercise has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in obese individuals. Unfortunately, however, the improvements are less than those seen in lean individuals. Little is known about the mechanisms precluding this difference, but may relate to differences in fatty acid availability, intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) accumulation and/or caloric balance. The project in this application is designed to examine the effect of a single session of endurance exercise, in obese individuals, on whole-body fatty acid mobilization and oxidation, IMTG concentration, and the expression of factors that regulate these processes in skeletal muscle. In addition, we will evaluate how these alterations are associated with improvements in insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity. We will also define the role energy balance plays toward the differences seen in insulin sensitivity between an exercised and sedentary individual. In the end, these experiments will provide insight into the cellular and whole-body changes in fatty acid metabolism in response to a single exercise session, which may lead to enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Identifying how exercise affects relationships between gene expression, whole-body fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity may lead to improvements in the therapeutic and/or the preventative approach to obesity and its co-morbidities.