EFFECTS OF UNCERTAINTY ON BOLD FMRI

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心机构，不一定为研究者机构。焦虑是一组复杂的反应，包括提高唤醒，肌肉和自主反应，以及注意力，学习和认知处理的变化，以提示潜在的危险。焦虑反应因威胁的严重程度、持续时间和复杂性而异。本研究的目的是利用功能磁共振成像检查正常人（无焦虑症）和广泛性焦虑症（GAD）患者的不确定性引起的焦虑的神经生物学。虽然功能磁共振成像研究已经进行了经典的条件反射范式，有有限的数据焦虑的任务，涉及不确定性的行为后果。这项试点调查将使用行为表现指标，自我报告的焦虑和功能磁共振成像检查的影响，应急不确定性。特别是，不确定性将通过改变惩罚相对于强化的概率以及使用歧视性刺激来表示意外事件的变化来操纵。焦虑和非焦虑的主题之间的差异，以及低与高的不确定性条件之间的差异将进行检查。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Anxiety is complex set of reactions that include heightened arousal, muscular and autonomic responses, and shifts in attention, learning, and cognitive processing to cues indicating potential danger. Anxiety responses differ depending on the severity of the threat, its duration, and complexity. The aim of the study is to examine the neurobiology of anxiety induced by uncertainty in normal individuals without anxiety disorders and in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) using fMRI. Although fMRI studies have been conducted using classical conditioning paradigms, there is limited data on anxiety during tasks that involve uncertainty about the consequences for behavior. This pilot investigation will examine the effects of contingency uncertainty using behavioral performance measures, self-reported anxiety, and fMRI. In particular, uncertainty will be manipulated by altering both the probability of punishment relative to reinforcement, as well as the use of discriminative stimuli to signal changes in contingencies. Differences between anxious and non-anxious subjects as well as differences between conditions with low versus high uncertainty will be examined.