EFFICACY OF THE ATKINS' DIET

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高脂血症是老年人的主要问题。 由于这些疾病，促进长期减肥，改善胰岛素敏感性和降低血脂水平的饮食干预是非常重要的。近年来，低碳水化合物饮食，如阿特金斯，区域和蛋白质力量已经变得非常受欢迎。据报道，有4000万人尝试过阿特金斯饮食法。最近的研究表明，阿特金斯饮食是有效的减肥和改善血脂在年轻和中年人。然而，这种饮食在内脏脂肪储存和胰岛素抵抗更大的老年人中的有效性以前尚未得到证实。我们建议比较12个月的自由阿特金斯饮食与自由自选对照饮食和一组自由高碳水化合物、高纤维、低脂肪饮食的个体。我们以前已经证明，高碳水化合物，高纤维，低脂肪的饮食将导致大量的和统计上显着的减肥。建议的因变量是身体成分变化、胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖处置（ISGD）、食欲、静息代谢率、肌内甘油三酯（IMTG）、血脂、肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶I活性、胰岛功能试验和全血炎症反应。老年（60-85岁）、肥胖（体重指数：28-33 kg/m2）、男性和女性将作为拟定研究的受试者。我们假设，在阿特金斯饮食中观察到的体重和脂肪损失比高碳水化合物饮食更大，高碳水化合物饮食比对照饮食更大。此外，我们假设阿特金斯饮食的ISGD将大于Hi-CHO饮食，Hi-CHO饮食将大于对照治疗中观察到的ISGD，这是由于这些饮食对体重减轻的影响。此外，我们假设肌内甘油三酯与ISGD呈负相关。这项研究将是第一次科学地检验阿特金斯饮食对老年人的功效。由于阿特金斯饮食在年轻人和中年人中的广泛使用和最近的有益发现，并且由于这种饮食不符合当前改善健康的饮食指南，因此这项调查将对老年人肥胖和相关表现的治疗产生深远的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia are major problems in the elderly. Because of these maladies, dietary interventions that promote long-term weight-loss, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce lipid levels are extremely important. In recent years, low-carbohydrate diets such as Atkins', Zone, and Protein Power have become extremely popular. It has been reported that 40 million people have tried the Atkins' Diet. Recent studies have shown that the Atkins' Diet is efficacious with regard to weight loss and improvements in the blood lipid profile in young and middle-aged individuals. However, the effectiveness of this diet in elderly individuals who have greater visceral fat depots and insulin resistance has not been previously demonstrated. We propose to compare 12 months of the of the ad libitum Atkins' diet to an ad libitum self-selected control diet and to a group of individuals who will undertake an ad libitum high carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet. We have previously shown that the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low fat diet will result in substantial and statistically significant weight-loss. Proposed dependent variables are body composition changes, insulin stimulated glucose disposal (ISGD), appetite, resting metabolic rate, intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG), blood lipids, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I activity, tests of congnitive function and the whole blood inflammatory response. Older (60-85), obese (body mass index: 28-33 kg/m2), men and women will serve as subjects in the proposed investigation. We hypothesize that greater weight, and fat losses will be observed on the Atkins' diet than the high-carbohydrate diet which will be greater than the control diet. Additionally, we hypothesize that ISGD will be greater on the Atkins' diet than the Hi-CHO diet which will be greater than that observed on the control treatment due to the effects of these diets on weight-loss. In addition, we hypothesize that intramuscular triglycerides will be inversely related to ISGD. The study will be the first to scientifically examine the efficacy of the Atkins' diet in the elderly. Because of the widespread use and recent beneficial findings regarding the Atkins' diet in younger and middle-aged individuals and since this diet does not agree with current dietary guidelines for improved health, this investigation will have profound implications for the treatment of obesity and related manifestations in the elderly.