U HAWAII COBRE: ADMINISTRATIVE & MENTORING CORE

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。过去25年来，传染病在全球范围内急剧死灰复燃，重新成为全球发病率和死亡率的首要原因。此外，传染病是亚太区域在新千年之初面临的最重要的公共卫生和经济问题之一。整个亚洲和大洋洲人口无节制增长和普遍的环境动荡，加上公共卫生基础设施的暗中崩溃，沿着加剧了传染病的死灰复燃。人、动物和昆虫通过喷气式飞机的移动也大大促进了传染病的传播。最近的一个例子是2001年夏威夷在中断近60年后爆发的登革热。因此，迫切需要提高传染病监测能力。战略性的地理位置以及与亚太区域资源贫乏的发展中国家的密切联系，使夏威夷大学马诺阿分校在监测新发现的传染病，如尼帕病毒性脑炎和严重急性呼吸系统综合征（萨斯）的出现或传入和传播方面处于独特的地位。 在此背景下，太平洋新兴传染病研究中心正在发展成为一个多学科的卓越中心，用于传染病的研究和培训，并作为诊断和控制新的，新兴的和重新出现的微生物威胁的区域参考中心。调查将重点关注与感染人乳头瘤病毒（导致女性宫颈癌）和A组链球菌（导致急性风湿热）相关的风险因素。此外，将研究对登革热病毒的免疫反应，作为旨在进行疫苗效力试验的更大计划的一部分。此外，研究将侧重于开发用于医学上重要的微生物疾病的改进的快速诊断测试。这些传染病中的每一种都具有地方和区域重要性，对夏威夷和亚太区域服务不足的少数民族和处境不利或边缘化社区的影响尤为严重。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. A dramatic global resurgence of infectious diseases has occurred during the past 25 years, such that infectious diseases have regained their position as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Moreover, infectious diseases are among the most important public health and economic problems facing the Asia-Pacific region at the beginning of the new millennium. Unbridled population growth and widespread environmental upheaval throughout Asia and Oceania, along with the insidious breakdown of the public health infrastructure, have contributed to the resurgence of infectious diseases. Movements of people, animals and insect vectors via jet travel have also greatly facilitated the dissemination of infectious diseases. A recent example is the outbreak of dengue fever in Hawaii in 2001, after a hiatus of nearly 60 years. Thus, heightened capacity for infectious diseases surveillance is urgently needed. The strategic geographic location and strong ties to resource-poor developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region places the University of Hawaii at Manoa in a unique position to monitor the emergence or introduction and spread of newly recognized infectious diseases, such as Nipah virus encephalitis and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Against this backdrop, the Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research is being developed as a multi-disciplinary center of excellence for research and training in infectious diseases and as a regional reference center for the diagnosis and control of new, emerging and re-emerging microbial threats. Investigations will focus on the risk factors associated with acquisition of infection with human papillomaviruses (which cause cervical cancer in women) and group A streptococci (which cause acute rheumatic fever). In addition, the immune responses to dengue viruses will be studied, as part of a larger program aimed at conducting vaccine efficacy trials. In addition, studies will focus on the development of improved rapid diagnostic tests for medically important microbial diseases. Each of these infectious diseases is of local and regional importance and disproportionately affect under-served ethnic minorities and disadvantaged or marginalized communities in Hawaii and the Asia-Pacific region.