Neurolinguistic Investigations of Aphasia and Recovery

建议本项目继续努力确定判刑治疗的效果 无语法（布罗卡氏）失语症的缺陷。在这项研究中，我们研究了语言学理论与 了解失语症的句子分解和恢复模式，并收集数据以进一步开发 正常的句子生产。我们计划在以往工作的基础上， 语言结构可以指导失语症的治疗。特别是，我们检查和操纵 句子的词汇和句法特性是语法性失语症受试者最困难的。我们 关注（a）句子结构（例如，填充空缺结构），其中名词短语（NP）和其他元素 (e.g.,动词和助动词）已经从原来的d-结构位置移走，（B）功能性 类别（例如，动词时态形态和补语），以及（c）动词和动词论元结构。 我们还继续测试这一假设，即训练更复杂而不是简单的结构将导致 在句子生成和理解方面有更大的改善。我们定义句子复杂度 就句子中涉及的（a）运动类型而言，即，wh-和NP-移位，（B）短语树 结构和句法树中节点之间的关系，以及（c）嵌入的数量和类型。 此外，我们考虑动词的词汇属性，以及它们如何影响句法操作， 决定复杂性。 在此期间，我们还将我们的工作扩展到开始理解产生观察到的恢复的机制 模式.使用头戴式眼动仪，我们检查了正常参与者和非正常参与者的填补空白处理。 治疗前后的失语症患者。功能磁共振成像研究也包括检查神经 复苏机制。虽然神经影像学研究已经开始阐明神经相关的， 语言，很少有人研究失语症患者的大脑部位，更少有人研究 支持恢复的神经机制在上一个周期进行的功能磁共振成像研究表明， 从治疗前到治疗后激活模式的变化。因此，我们继续努力， 继续学习。

The present project is proposed to continue work toward establishing the effects of treatment for sentence deficits in agrammatic (Broca's) aphasia. In this research we examine the relevance of linguistic theory to understanding sentence breakdown and recovery patterns in aphasia and gather data to further developing accounts of normal sentence production. We plan to build on previous work highlighting the important role that linguistic structure can play in guiding treatment for aphasia. In particular, we examine and manipulate lexical and syntactic properties of sentences that are the most difficult for agrammatic aphasic subjects. We focus on (a) sentence structures (e.g., filler gap structures) in which noun phrases (NPs), and other elements (e.g., verbs and auxiliaries) have been moved out of their original d-structure positions, (b) functional categories (e.g., verb tense morphology and complementizers), and (c) verb and verb argument structure. We also continue to test the hypothesis that training more complex rather than simple structures will result in greater improvement in aspects of sentence production and comprehension. We define sentence complexity in terms of the (a) type of movement involved in sentences, i.e., wh- and NP-movement, (b) phrasal tree structure and the relation between nodes in the syntactic tree, and (c) the number and type of embeddings. In addition, we consider the lexical properties of verbs and how they impact syntactic operations in determining complexity. In this period we also extend our work to begin to understand mechanisms that generate observed recovery patterns. Using head-mounted eyetracking, we examine filler gap processing in normal participants and in aphasic patients prior to and following treatment. FMRI studies also are included to examine the neural mechanisms of recovery. While neuroimaging studies have begun to elucidate the neural correlates of language, few have examined brain sites recruited by aphasic patients, and even fewer have studied the neural mechanisms supporting recovery. FMRI studies undertaken in the previous cycle showed important changes in activation patterns from pre- to post-treatment. We, therefore, continue this effort in our continuing studies.