Adolescent Violence Exposure and Internalizing and Externalizing Outcomes

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一份培训补助金申请，其主要目标是提高申请人的研究能力，并使她成为一名在社区暴力暴露和非裔美国人心理健康领域具有专业知识的独立研究人员。这些领域的培训和奖学金很重要，因为非洲裔美国青年更有可能目睹并成为社区暴力的受害者，这可能是由于非洲裔美国人在低收入社区的比例过高。发生在贫困社区的暴力事件的强度和严重性对这些地区青少年的影响比例不成比例，并使非洲裔美国青少年面临与暴力接触相关的许多负面影响的更大风险，包括学业、社会和心理困难。本研究的具体目标是：1)扩大我对少数民族城市青少年发展的认识，重点关注青少年内化和外化与长期暴力经历的关系；2)研究与暴力暴露的青少年心理弹性相关的因素，3)扩大我的知识和熟练程度，适用于研究暴力暴露和感知到的邻里暴力对青少年心理健康的影响的统计方法和研究设计。本建议是对现有数据集进行二次分析，该数据集由流行病学定义的585名非洲裔美国青少年（53.2%为男性）组成，他们在一年级时首次接受评估，收集于5R01MH057005-09，“两次预防性试验的定期随访”（P.I: Nicholas lalongo）。参与者从小学到青春期定期进行评估，导致样本量不同（表1）。青少年报告了暴力经历，行为调整也被评估。在高风险环境中评估和干预非裔美国青年的影响将被审查。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application for a training grant for which the main goal is to increase the research proficiency of the applicant, and prepare her to become an independent researcher with expertise in the areas of community violence exposure and African American mental health. Training and scholarship in these areas is important because African American youth are more likely to witness and be victims of community violence exposure, possibly due to the overrepresentation of African Americans in low income neighborhoods. The intensity and severity of the violent events that occur in poorer neighborhoods affects youth in these areas at disproportionate rates and places African American adolescents at a greater risk for many of the negative effects associated with violence exposure, including academic, social, and psychological difficulties. The specific aims for the proposed research are: 1) to expand my knowledge of the development of ethnic minority urban adolescents, with a focus on youth internalizing and externalizing outcomes associated with chronic experiences with violence; 2) to examine factors associated with resilience for youth exposed to violence, and 3) to expand my knowledge of and proficiency with statistical methods and research designs appropriate for studying the effects of violence exposure and perceived neighborhood violence on adolescent mental health. This proposal is for secondary analysis of an existing dataset comprised of an epidemiologically-defined community sample of 585 African American adolescents (53.2% male), who were first assessed during first grade, collected for 5R01MH057005-09, "Periodic Follow Up of Two Preventative Trials" (P.I.: Nicholas lalongo). Participants were assessed at regular intervals from elementary school through adolescence resulting in varying sample sizes (Table 1). Youth reported about experiences with violence, and behavioral adjustment also was assessed. Implications for assessment and intervention with African American youth in high risk environments will be examined.