Urban Adolescents Responses to Verbal Victimization: Does adjustment play a role?

描述（由申请人提供）：言语伤害(W)，包括言语威胁和戏弄，是青少年中常见的问题。青少年如何选择回应VV情境是由他们的社会信息处理（SIP）技能指导的。SIP模型描述了青年如何组织和决定对社会线索作出反应。根据这个模型，反应是在一系列的心理步骤之后产生的，包括编码和解释线索，选择目标，获取和构建反应，以及决定反应。青少年的SIP模式与适应的个体差异有关。失调（即攻击性或焦虑行为）与有偏见的SIP模式有关。偏倚加工的特点是依赖于内部结构化知识（图式）和启发式，而排斥来自即时社会情境的情境线索。偏倚加工可以影响多种其他内部因素（如归因风格、自我效能），从而影响SIP的任何步骤。然而，并不是所有的年轻人都表现出有偏见的SIP模式。了解四种青少年群体（适应良好、被忽视、被动受害者、攻击受害者）如何处理社会刺激并对VV做出反应，对于促进青少年积极发展的干预措施具有重要意义。这个项目使用了ATSS，一种允许参与者报告他们与情境相关的认知的方法，来研究这四组之间的SIP模式差异如何影响对W情境的行为反应，并确定青年对W情境的反应范围。该项目的目标将通过招募100名中学生来实现，作为正在进行的cdc资助研究的一部分，在完成纸笔调整措施后，参加对VV情况的ATSS评估。公共卫生相关性：该项目的结果将有助于确定适应良好的青少年如何处理社会刺激并对常见的青少年问题VV作出反应。这些知识将为干预措施的发展提供信息，这些干预措施将增加学生对问题做出亲社会反应（即VV）的可能性，并减少他们做出侵略性或无效反应的可能性。因此，这个项目的目标与预防科学领域目前对促进青年积极发展的重点是一致的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Verbal victimization (W), consisting of verbal threats and teasing, is a common problem among adolescents. How youth choose to respond to VV situations is guided by their social information-processing (SIP) skills. The SIP model describes how youth organize and decide to respond to social cues. According to this model, responses arise after a series of mental steps that include encoding and interpreting cues, selecting goals, accessing and constructing responses, and deciding on a response. Youth's SIP patterns are associated with individual differences in adjustment. Maladjustment (i.e. aggressive or anxious behavior) is associated with biased SIP patterns. Biased processing, characterized by a reliance on internal structured knowledge (schemas) and heuristics to the exclusion of situational cues from the immediate social context, can impact a variety of other internal factors (i.e. attribution style, self-efficacy), and thus can affect any SIP step. However, not all youth exhibit biased SIP patterns. Understanding how 4 subgroups of youth (well-adjusted, neglected, passive-victims, aggressive-victims) process social stimuli and enact responses to VV has important implications for interventions promoting positive youth development. This project uses ATSS, a think aloud approach that allows participants to report their cognitions related to a situation as they occur, to examine how SIP pattern differences among these four groups influence behavioral responses to W situations, and to identify the range of responses to W enacted by youth. The aims of this project will be achieved through the recruitment of 100 middle school students as part of an ongoing CDC-funded study to participate in ATSS assessments on VV situations after completing paper and pencil measures of adjustment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results of this project will help identify how well-adjusted youth process social stimuli and respond to a common adolescent problem, VV. This knowledge will inform the development of interventions that will increase the likelihood that students will enact pro-social responses to problems (i.e. VV), and decrease the likelihood that they will enact aggressive or ineffective responses. Thus, the goals of this project are consistent with the current focus within the field of prevention science on the promotion of positive youth development.