Ultra-fast whole-heart CT using z-motion of the X-ray source

描述（由申请人提供）：自1998年引入多层CT以来，X射线计算机断层扫描（CT）已成为心脏成像的重要工具。随着探测器排数和扫描仪转速的增加，这种突出性逐渐增加。然而，心脏CT成像的准确性目前强烈依赖于患者（具有更高风险的心跳心律失常的患者更难以成像），并且这种准确性还以高剂量为代价。这项研究的长期目标是实现整个心脏的高度准确的CT成像，而不受患者病情的影响，并且剂量与典型的CT扫描相当。我们假设这一目标将通过使用一种新的扫描概念来实现，称为完整的单次心跳全心脏（CSWH）扫描，其中在一次心跳内获得覆盖整个心脏的断层扫描完整数据。对于CSWH扫描心脏成像的首次研究，我们将专注于以下目标：（1）开发和实施重建算法，用于根据相关CSWH扫描上的锥形束数据进行精确成像，（2）根据数据要求和使用各种准直策略给予的剂量对CSWH扫描进行比较评估，（3）使用计算机模拟数据和真实的拟人模型数据以及使用人类ROC观察者研究在成像性能方面对CSWH扫描进行比较评估。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): X-ray computed tomography (CT) has become a prominent tool for cardiac imaging since the introduction of multislice CT in 1998. This prominence has come progressively with the increase in the number of detector rows and in the scanner rotation speed. However, the accuracy of cardiac CT imaging is currently strongly dependent on the patient (patients with heartbeat arrythmia, who are more at risk, are more difficult to image), and this accuracy furthermore comes at the cost of a high dose. The long-term goal of this research is to enable highly accurate CT imaging of the whole heart independently of the patient condition and with a dose comparable to typical CT scans. We hypothesize this goal will be reached using a new scanning concept, called complete single-beat whole-heart (CSWH) scanning, where tomographically-complete data covering the full heart is obtained within one heartbeat. For this first research on cardiac imaging with CSWH scans, we will focus on the following aims: (1) development and implementation of reconstruction algorithms for accurate imaging from cone-beam data on relevant CSWH scans, (2) comparative evaluation of CSWH scans in terms of data requirement and dose imparted using various collimation strategies, (3) comparative evaluation of CSWH scans in terms of imaging performance using computer simulated data and real data of anthropomorphic phantoms and using human ROC observer studies.